Point cloud registration method of rape branches based on ISS-LCG combined feature points

Objective  Aiming at the problems of low accuracy and slow speed of traditional registration methods, we took point cloud of rape (Brassica napus L.) branches as the research object, and proposed a registration method based on ISS-LCG combined feature points.

Method  The pods of mature rape branches were taken as the research object. The background noise of rape point cloud was removed to obtain the clear and complete point cloud of rape branches. Intrinsic shape signatures (ISS) algorithm was used to extract feature points of point cloud. Linear congruential generator (LCG) algorithm was used to pseudo-randomly select some points of point cloud to constitute key points. Feature points and key points were combined to form ISS-LCG combined feature points. Then, the combined feature points were described by 3D shape context (3DSC) algorithm. Finally, RANSAC + ICP two-step point cloud registration method was used for point cloud registration.

Result  The precision of on-time registration of rape branch point cloud in pairwise matching was the highest among shooting angles with an interval of 30°. The registration error was about 0.066 mm. Compared with the method without combined feature points, the registration accuracy was improved by 50%−70%. The registration time was less than 48 s, and the average registration time was 8.706 s.

Conclusion  The proposed method could achieve highly precise and efficient automatic registration of mature rape plants in a controlled environment.