Effects of altitudes on gut structure, digestive enzyme activity and gut microbiota of Cyprinuscarpio var. Jinbei in rice field

Objective In order to explore the gut structure, digestive enzyme activity and gut microbiota characteristics of Cyprinus carpio var. Jinbei at different altitudes.

Method The C. carpio var. Jinbei in rice fields at low (580 m), middle (830 m) and high (1340 m) altitudes were taken as the research objects. The histology, enzymology and molecular biology methods were used to compare and analyze the gut tissue structure, digestive enzyme activity and gut microbiota characteristics.

Result The villus height of C. carpio var. Jinbei in low altitude group (521.04 μm) was significantly higher than those of the middle altitude group (438.01 μm) and high altitude group (419.39 μm) (P< 0.05). The trypsin activity of C. carpio var. Jinbei in the middle altitude group (4541.65 U/mg) was significantly higher than those of the low altitude group (4023.72 U/mg) and the high altitude group (3722.1 U/mg) (P<0.05). Actinobacteria, Firmicutes, Proteobacteria, Chloroflexi and Tenericutes were the main gut microbiota of C. carpio var. Jinbei in rice fields.

Conclusion Different altitudes affect the intestinal morphology, digestive enzyme activity, and gut microbiota structure of the C. carpio var. Jinbei in rice field. Although the gut microbiota of C. carpio var. Jinbei in rice fields changed at different altitudes, it still maintained a relatively stable gut microbiota dominated by Actinobacteria, indicating that the gut of C. carpio var. Jinbei has been adapted to the ecological environment of rice field.