Effects of altitude on gut structure, digestive enzyme activity and gut microbiota of Cyprinus carpio var. Jinbei in rice field

Objective In order to explore the gut structure, digestive enzyme activity and gut microbiota characteristics of Cyprinus carpio var. Jinbei at different altitudes.

Method C. carpio var. Jinbei in rice fields at low (580 m), middle (830 m) and high (1340 m) altitudes were taken as the research objects. The histology, enzymology and molecular biology methods were used to compare and analyze the gut tissue structure, digestive enzyme activity and gut microbiota characteristics.

Result The villus height of C. carpio var. Jinbei of the low altitude group (521.04 μm) was significantly higher than those of the middle altitude group (438.01 μm) and high altitude group (419.39 μm) (P< 0.05). The trypsin activity of C. carpio var. Jinbei of the middle altitude group (4541.65 U/mg) was significantly higher than those of the low altitude group (4023.72 U/mg) and high altitude group (3722.1 U/mg) (P<0.05). Actinobacteria, Firmicutes, Proteobacteria, Chloroflexi and Tenericutes were the main gut microbiota of C. carpio var. Jinbei in rice field.

Conclusion Different altitudes affect the intestinal morphology, digestive enzyme activity, and gut microbiota structure of C. carpio var. Jinbei in rice field. Although the gut microbiota of C. carpio var. Jinbei in rice field changes at different altitudes, it still maintains a relatively stable gut microbiota dominated by Actinobacteria, indicating that C. carpio var. Jinbei gut has been adapted to the ecological environment in rice field.