Objective To study the effects of new organic fertilizers with botanical pesticide components (tobacco residue organic fertilizer and tea saponin organic fertilizer) on rice growth and pest control efficiency, and promote the double reduction of chemical fertilizers and pesticides in rice cultivation.
Method Three treatments were designed as following: Conventional fertilization (control), tobacco residue organic fertilizer plus 80% conventional fertilization, tea saponin organic fertilizer plus 80% conventional fertilization. The rice yields were recorded. Nutrient uptake of rice and straw and soil available nutrients content were analyzed after rice harvest. The control effects of new organic fertilizers on rice leaf roller (Cnaphalocrocis medinalis) and white-backed planthopper (Sogatella furcifera) were evaluated at rice tillering stage.
Result Compared with conventional fertilization, the partial substitution application of tobacco residue organic fertilizer and tea saponin organic fertilizer increased rice yield by 22.29% and 18.58% respectively, and the N and P uptake of rice grain and K uptake of straw increased significantly. But there were no significant difference in the soil available nutrient contents after rice harvest. The control efficiencies of tobacco residue organic fertilizer and tea saponin organic fertilizer on rice leaf roller and white-backed planthopper were obvious. The rice leaf roller control effects were 81.27% and 51.09% respectively, and the decline rate of white-backed planthopper were 55.74% and 37.70% respectively.
Conclusion The application of botanical organic fertilizers with botanical pesticide components can partially replace chemical fertilizers and reduce the application of chemical pesticides, which is important for increasing yield, reducing rice pests, and promoting sustainable agricultural production.
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