1999 No. 1
Abstract：
The present study is aimed to develop an effective method for the detection of Liberobacter asiaticum that causes citrus Huanglongbing disease. It was shown that the DNA of the pathogen could be amplified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) in vitro and the appearance of such DNA was significantly detected in the samples of infected citrus trees of the various cultivars. To use PCR for the detection of the infected trees without any symptom yet at the early stage of the infection. This technique can be effectively applied to screen disease free seedlings, establish disease free citrus nurseries, and control the spread of the diseased seedlings.
The present study is aimed to develop an effective method for the detection of Liberobacter asiaticum that causes citrus Huanglongbing disease. It was shown that the DNA of the pathogen could be amplified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) in vitro and the appearance of such DNA was significantly detected in the samples of infected citrus trees of the various cultivars. To use PCR for the detection of the infected trees without any symptom yet at the early stage of the infection. This technique can be effectively applied to screen disease free seedlings, establish disease free citrus nurseries, and control the spread of the diseased seedlings.
Abstract：
From the view point of coevolution of Papilio xuthus L. (Lepidoptera:Papilionidae) and its hosts, and based upon the feeding behavior and digestive characteristics, three artificial diets were developed in the rearing program of thrarthropod. Evaluation of the pupal weight showed that diet No.3 was the best for rearing Paplio xuthus L. for four generations: mean pupal weight of larvae feeding on the diet was significantly higher than those feeding on citrus leaves in each generation, and the larval survival rate was significantly higher on diet No.1 and diet No.2.
From the view point of coevolution of Papilio xuthus L. (Lepidoptera:Papilionidae) and its hosts, and based upon the feeding behavior and digestive characteristics, three artificial diets were developed in the rearing program of thrarthropod. Evaluation of the pupal weight showed that diet No.3 was the best for rearing Paplio xuthus L. for four generations: mean pupal weight of larvae feeding on the diet was significantly higher than those feeding on citrus leaves in each generation, and the larval survival rate was significantly higher on diet No.1 and diet No.2.
Abstract：
Forty varieties of asparagus bean Vigna unquiculata W.ssp. sesquipedalis (L.) Verd were studied in three years in vegetable farm in the University, to test the effects of varieties of asparagus bean on the population of Maruca testulalis Geyer. The results in the experiments showed that the densities of the larvae of the insect pest in the flowers and in the beans were different significantly between the varieties of the bean. The larval densities of variety Xinqing were 18, 17.3 and 6.33 larvae in 30 flowers of the bean in 1988, 1989 and 1990 respectively, and lower than other varieties. It was found that the larval population between the stages in flowers and in beans showed a positive regression corelationship.
Forty varieties of asparagus bean Vigna unquiculata W.ssp. sesquipedalis (L.) Verd were studied in three years in vegetable farm in the University, to test the effects of varieties of asparagus bean on the population of Maruca testulalis Geyer. The results in the experiments showed that the densities of the larvae of the insect pest in the flowers and in the beans were different significantly between the varieties of the bean. The larval densities of variety Xinqing were 18, 17.3 and 6.33 larvae in 30 flowers of the bean in 1988, 1989 and 1990 respectively, and lower than other varieties. It was found that the larval population between the stages in flowers and in beans showed a positive regression corelationship.
Abstract：
In this study, large numbers of mast cells were found in the thymus of goose under transmission electron microscope. They were located mainly in the medulla of the thymus, were round or ellipsoid in shape, had a few cytoplasmic processes, and possessed a rounded, elliptic, or crescent shaped nucleus with distinct nucleoli. Their cytoplasm contained abundant organelles and numerous membrane bound secretory granules that were mostly round in shape and varied in size. According to the ultrastructural features, these granules were classified into 4 types: type 1 granules contained electron dense fine granular material; type 2 granules contained electron dense coarse granular material; type 3 granules contained electron dense concentric beaded chains; type 4 granules showed almost homogeneous high electron density. No crystalline, scrolled or lamellar structures were evident in the granules.
In this study, large numbers of mast cells were found in the thymus of goose under transmission electron microscope. They were located mainly in the medulla of the thymus, were round or ellipsoid in shape, had a few cytoplasmic processes, and possessed a rounded, elliptic, or crescent shaped nucleus with distinct nucleoli. Their cytoplasm contained abundant organelles and numerous membrane bound secretory granules that were mostly round in shape and varied in size. According to the ultrastructural features, these granules were classified into 4 types: type 1 granules contained electron dense fine granular material; type 2 granules contained electron dense coarse granular material; type 3 granules contained electron dense concentric beaded chains; type 4 granules showed almost homogeneous high electron density. No crystalline, scrolled or lamellar structures were evident in the granules.
Abstract：
It had evaluated tolerance of serveral sugarcane genotypes to low or no phosphorus supply, according to relative changes of biomass,by addition of nutrient solution with different level of phosphate( 1.0, 0.2,0.1,0.0 mMol/L in Hoagland solution) to sandy culture in pot trial;meanwhile,the changes of photosynthesis ability,inorganic phosphate concentration and acid phosphatase activity in leaves were also determined.The results showed that among those genotypes yuetang 57-423 and Badila have low tolerance to low or no phosphorus supply;yuetang 71-210,yuetang 85-177,yuetang 81-3254, guitang 1 have the highest tolerance; while yuetang 79-177,yuetang 63-237,taitang 172,new taitang 10 are moderate;taitang 134 could just adapted to low phosphorus condition.The net photosynthesis rate of unit leaf area didn't change significantly in most case but increase in some case and the total yield of photosynthsis of per leaf decreased with decreasing of phosphate supply,the later is not true in low-phosphorus-tolerating genotypies(i.e yuetang 71-210,yuetang 85-177).The concentration of inorganic phosphate is in steady-state,and activity of acid phosphatase enhanced with decreasing phosphate supply.
It had evaluated tolerance of serveral sugarcane genotypes to low or no phosphorus supply, according to relative changes of biomass,by addition of nutrient solution with different level of phosphate( 1.0, 0.2,0.1,0.0 mMol/L in Hoagland solution) to sandy culture in pot trial;meanwhile,the changes of photosynthesis ability,inorganic phosphate concentration and acid phosphatase activity in leaves were also determined.The results showed that among those genotypes yuetang 57-423 and Badila have low tolerance to low or no phosphorus supply;yuetang 71-210,yuetang 85-177,yuetang 81-3254, guitang 1 have the highest tolerance; while yuetang 79-177,yuetang 63-237,taitang 172,new taitang 10 are moderate;taitang 134 could just adapted to low phosphorus condition.The net photosynthesis rate of unit leaf area didn't change significantly in most case but increase in some case and the total yield of photosynthsis of per leaf decreased with decreasing of phosphate supply,the later is not true in low-phosphorus-tolerating genotypies(i.e yuetang 71-210,yuetang 85-177).The concentration of inorganic phosphate is in steady-state,and activity of acid phosphatase enhanced with decreasing phosphate supply.
Abstract：
Common bean genotypes were studied for their leaf anatomic response to low P in the hydroponic experiments. The results indicated that P deficiency decreased P uptake and inhibited the growth of plants. Under low phosphorus conditions, the middle-leaf thickness, thickness of palisade tissue and spongy tissue(except DOR 60), cell number of palisade tissue also increased, while most cell and vacuole areas decreased. There was genotypic variation in response to low P. The P efficient large-seeded genotypes tended to have more cell numbers per tissue area but smaller cell area per cell.
Common bean genotypes were studied for their leaf anatomic response to low P in the hydroponic experiments. The results indicated that P deficiency decreased P uptake and inhibited the growth of plants. Under low phosphorus conditions, the middle-leaf thickness, thickness of palisade tissue and spongy tissue(except DOR 60), cell number of palisade tissue also increased, while most cell and vacuole areas decreased. There was genotypic variation in response to low P. The P efficient large-seeded genotypes tended to have more cell numbers per tissue area but smaller cell area per cell.
Abstract：
Kernels from 11 representative high quality early indica rice varieties cultivars in south china were analysed for protein contents and amino acid compositions prior and after storage under atmospheric temperature. The protein nutrient qualities of 11 indica rice varieties were evaluated by comparing with FAO/WHO and egg protein mode, and calculating the chemical scores of 8 essential amino acids. The results showed that protein content and amino acid composition and content were relatively stable, showing basically no change with the duration of storage. Protein content averaged at 10.23%, ranging from 8.80% to 13.10% with a variance coefficient 10.80%. Difference among cultivars was great. Contents of the 8 essential amino acids were significantly different among cultivars, Alternation ranges and variance coefficients of the absolute contents of the 8 essential amino acids were greater than those of their relative contents. The quality of protein also displayed significant difference among cultivars. There was a tendency that total essential amino acid content decreased with the increase of protein content. Attention should be paid on increasing the rates and contents of the essential amino acids in the proteins of rice kernels through genetic breeding.
Kernels from 11 representative high quality early indica rice varieties cultivars in south china were analysed for protein contents and amino acid compositions prior and after storage under atmospheric temperature. The protein nutrient qualities of 11 indica rice varieties were evaluated by comparing with FAO/WHO and egg protein mode, and calculating the chemical scores of 8 essential amino acids. The results showed that protein content and amino acid composition and content were relatively stable, showing basically no change with the duration of storage. Protein content averaged at 10.23%, ranging from 8.80% to 13.10% with a variance coefficient 10.80%. Difference among cultivars was great. Contents of the 8 essential amino acids were significantly different among cultivars, Alternation ranges and variance coefficients of the absolute contents of the 8 essential amino acids were greater than those of their relative contents. The quality of protein also displayed significant difference among cultivars. There was a tendency that total essential amino acid content decreased with the increase of protein content. Attention should be paid on increasing the rates and contents of the essential amino acids in the proteins of rice kernels through genetic breeding.
Abstract：
Germinating seeds of three rice varieties (a high quality HuaXianZhan, a hybrid YueYouQingZhan and a common SuiLingZhan ) were treated with acetochlor at different concentrations. The growth of rice seedling was differently inhibited. HuaXianZhan was the most sensitive variety, SuiLingZhan the most resistant and YueYouQingZhan the intermediate. There was a respiratory peak found on 4-6 days after germination for all the three varieties. For sensitive variety, acetochlor showed a heavy inhibition to respiratory rate, especially, to respiratory peak, which was strengthened by EMP and PP pathways, and eventually, the seedling growth was inhibited greatly. However, the resistant one was affected only slightly in both respiratory rate and respiratory peak, therefore, its seedling growth was subjected to just a little inhibition.We concluded that these could be one elementary physiologcial cause for the growth inhibition of sensitive rice seedlins by acetochlor.
Germinating seeds of three rice varieties (a high quality HuaXianZhan, a hybrid YueYouQingZhan and a common SuiLingZhan ) were treated with acetochlor at different concentrations. The growth of rice seedling was differently inhibited. HuaXianZhan was the most sensitive variety, SuiLingZhan the most resistant and YueYouQingZhan the intermediate. There was a respiratory peak found on 4-6 days after germination for all the three varieties. For sensitive variety, acetochlor showed a heavy inhibition to respiratory rate, especially, to respiratory peak, which was strengthened by EMP and PP pathways, and eventually, the seedling growth was inhibited greatly. However, the resistant one was affected only slightly in both respiratory rate and respiratory peak, therefore, its seedling growth was subjected to just a little inhibition.We concluded that these could be one elementary physiologcial cause for the growth inhibition of sensitive rice seedlins by acetochlor.
Abstract：
The leaf characteristics of hybrid corn (yuedin 9) for different planting densities were tested in the experimental farm of South China Agricultural University in Guangzhou China in the spring of 1996. The corn yield characteristics were better in the density of 45 thousand plants per hectare than in the density of 67 5 thousand plants, but that was not reach a singificant level. The total leaf age of the tested hybrid corn was 19.1 and also was a rather stable character. The relationship between the leaf area and the dry matter inerement showed index cure. The plants of low density, population had higher assimilation rate in the late growing stage. The long wide rate of leaf showed parabola cure. The longest and widest leaf was 12th leaf and 13th leaf, which were unfolded at the young panicle differentiation stage. Every other leaf appeared in 3 days and unfolded in 2 days in the middle and late growth period, but senecensed in 5 to 10 days. The function days of leaves would extend with leaf arrangement.
The leaf characteristics of hybrid corn (yuedin 9) for different planting densities were tested in the experimental farm of South China Agricultural University in Guangzhou China in the spring of 1996. The corn yield characteristics were better in the density of 45 thousand plants per hectare than in the density of 67 5 thousand plants, but that was not reach a singificant level. The total leaf age of the tested hybrid corn was 19.1 and also was a rather stable character. The relationship between the leaf area and the dry matter inerement showed index cure. The plants of low density, population had higher assimilation rate in the late growing stage. The long wide rate of leaf showed parabola cure. The longest and widest leaf was 12th leaf and 13th leaf, which were unfolded at the young panicle differentiation stage. Every other leaf appeared in 3 days and unfolded in 2 days in the middle and late growth period, but senecensed in 5 to 10 days. The function days of leaves would extend with leaf arrangement.
Abstract：
The classification and nomenclature system as well as the method and procedure for red soil resources (RSR) classification were proposed based on the evaluation of the aims and principles of RSR classification . Zhejiang province was selected as an example to carry out RSR classification based on geographic information system (GIS). The RSR of the whole province were classified 84 types, and the area distribution of each RSR type was calculated with foxpro database.
The classification and nomenclature system as well as the method and procedure for red soil resources (RSR) classification were proposed based on the evaluation of the aims and principles of RSR classification . Zhejiang province was selected as an example to carry out RSR classification based on geographic information system (GIS). The RSR of the whole province were classified 84 types, and the area distribution of each RSR type was calculated with foxpro database.
Abstract：
This paper reports the setting up of a series of evaluation indices for degraded agroecosystem which include monotonous index, non equilibrium index, non stability index, non sustainable index, production resistance index, soil nutrient degradation index, dull index and self contained index. The assessment of agroecosystem degradation was conducted by using these indices in Zigui County of the Three Gorges Reservoir Area.
This paper reports the setting up of a series of evaluation indices for degraded agroecosystem which include monotonous index, non equilibrium index, non stability index, non sustainable index, production resistance index, soil nutrient degradation index, dull index and self contained index. The assessment of agroecosystem degradation was conducted by using these indices in Zigui County of the Three Gorges Reservoir Area.
1999, (1): 92-96.
Abstract：
Floristic characteristics of the seed plants of Nanling National Nature Reserve were studied. A total of 2 292 species and varieties of the seed plants belonging to 822 genera, 175 families, was identified in Nanling National Nature Reserve. Among them, there are 30 species belonging to 20 genera, 9 families are of gymnosperm and 2 262 species and varieties belonging to 802 genera, 166 families are of angiosperm. The distribution elements of Nanling's flora are complex, diverse and widely related to many parts of the world. They comprise 14 of 15 distribution types of Chinese seed plants.The flora is predominated by tropical and subtropical elements and also strongly affected by temperate elements. There are 33 endemic genera. Nanling's flora has a long biological history. On the one hand, there are many primitive and relic plants, Nanling might be one of their original centers;on the other hand there are also many advanced plants, Nanling might be one of their specialization and distribution centers.
Floristic characteristics of the seed plants of Nanling National Nature Reserve were studied. A total of 2 292 species and varieties of the seed plants belonging to 822 genera, 175 families, was identified in Nanling National Nature Reserve. Among them, there are 30 species belonging to 20 genera, 9 families are of gymnosperm and 2 262 species and varieties belonging to 802 genera, 166 families are of angiosperm. The distribution elements of Nanling's flora are complex, diverse and widely related to many parts of the world. They comprise 14 of 15 distribution types of Chinese seed plants.The flora is predominated by tropical and subtropical elements and also strongly affected by temperate elements. There are 33 endemic genera. Nanling's flora has a long biological history. On the one hand, there are many primitive and relic plants, Nanling might be one of their original centers;on the other hand there are also many advanced plants, Nanling might be one of their specialization and distribution centers.
Abstract：
The principal component analysis method was used to analyse the aroma constituents of 7 high aroma pattern Oolong teas The results showed that each aroma pattern of the Oolong tea has its own importing aromatic material The aroma charasteristic was different when the aroma composing matter changed The aroma constituents expression patterns were listed for Rouguixiang tea, Yulanxiang tea, Huangzhixiang tea and Zhilanxiang tea
The principal component analysis method was used to analyse the aroma constituents of 7 high aroma pattern Oolong teas The results showed that each aroma pattern of the Oolong tea has its own importing aromatic material The aroma charasteristic was different when the aroma composing matter changed The aroma constituents expression patterns were listed for Rouguixiang tea, Yulanxiang tea, Huangzhixiang tea and Zhilanxiang tea
1999, (1): 118-120.
