Abstract: Swine selective breeding is the process of selecting superior genetic pigs into nuclear herd, selective mating and offspring production, and delivery of the genetic merit to next generation. The selection traits include quality traits and quantitative traits. Quality traits are more stable and not easily influenced by environmental condition. Quality traits are distributed in the herd discontinuously, therefore the hybrid progenies can be grouped by genotypes and the frequencies of different individuals of genotypes can be calculated. Quantitative traits are prone to be influenced by environment and distributed in the herd continuously, which are controlled by minor multiple genes, perhaps major effect gene. Most of selected traits are quantitative traits with economical value. Selective breeding is a process including accumulation of additive effects and purification of advantageous genes with economical values. This article would like to make an introduction of techniques of performance test for breeding swine, in order to provide references for pig breeding.