Dynamic changes of cadmium and non-protein thiol in different organs of different soybean genotypes under cadmium stress
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摘要:目的
探讨不同大豆品种各器官镉和非蛋白巯基物质的动态变化，揭示巯基物质在大豆镉抗性和积累中的作用。
方法在镉(Cd)污染的土壤中种植镉抗性和籽粒积累不同的大豆品种中黄24和华夏3号，采集不同生育时期的根、茎和叶，分析各品种的Cd抗性指标(根系和地上部鲜质量)、Cd积累指标(各器官Cd浓度)和非蛋白巯基物质[总非蛋白巯基肽(NPT)、谷胱甘肽(GSH)和植物螯合肽(PC)]的浓度变化。
结果在10 mg·kg-1的Cd胁迫下，中黄24不同时期Cd抗性指标明显低于华夏3号，而中黄24初花期后各器官Cd浓度均显著地高于华夏3号。Cd胁迫下2个品种随发育进程根系中NPT、GSH和PC浓度上升，而叶片中则下降；敏感品种中黄24各器官中巯基物质对Cd胁迫响应比抗性品种华夏3号更显著。关联分析发现，大豆根部巯基物质浓度与各器官Cd浓度呈正相关，且以成熟期最为显著，而初花期后地上部的PC与各器官Cd浓度呈负相关。
结论在大豆不同生育期不同器官中Cd和非蛋白巯基物质浓度变化复杂，非蛋白巯基物质在大豆抵抗Cd胁迫中扮演多种角色。
Abstract:ObjectiveDynamic changes of cadmium and non-protein thiols in different soybean genotypes were researched to investigate effects of non-protein thiols on Cd tolerance and accumulation of soybean.
MethodThe soybean varieties of Zhonghuang24 and Huaxia3 were planted in the pots with contaminated soil. Roots, shoots and leaves were collected in different periods. Cd tolerance indexes (including root and shoot fresh mass), Cd accumulation and the concentrations of non-protein thiols [including the total of non-protein thiol peptides (NPT), glutathione (GSH) and phytochelatins(PC)] of soybeans in different periods were determined.
ResultThe resistance indexes of Zhonghuang24 were significantly lower than those of Huaxia3 in different periods at the Cd concentration of 10 mg·kg-1, and Cd accumulations in all organs were higher than those of Huaxia3 after flowering stage (especially at pod and mature stages). The NPT, GSH and PC concentrations increased in root and reduced in leaf along with the development progress, and the effects of non-protein thiols in Zhonghuang24 under Cd stress were stronger those of Huaxia3. The correlation analysis indicated that there was a positive correlation between thiol concentration in root and the Cd concentration in all organs, especially at mature stage. There was a negative correlation between PC concentrations in stem and leaf after flowering stage, especially more significant at pod and mature stages.
ConclusionThe concentrations of thiols and Cd in soybean organs show complex changes at different growth stages under Cd stress. Non-protein thiols play multiple roles in Cd detoxification and transportation at different growth stages.
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Keywords:
- Cd stress /
- soybean /
- non-protein thiol /
- glutathione /
- phytochelatin
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图 1 镉处理下不同时期2个大豆品种根和地上部鲜质量的变化
相同部位同一时期不同柱子上凡是有一个相同小写字母者，表示差异不显著(P>0.05，Duncan’s法)。
Figure 1. Fresh mass of roots and shoots of two soybean varieties at different stages under Cd stress
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图 2 镉处理下不同时期2个大豆根、茎和叶中镉浓度的变化
相同部位同一时期不同柱子上凡是有一个相同小写字母者，表示品种间差异不显著(P>0.05，Duncan’s法)。
Figure 2. The Cd concentrations in roots, stems and leaves of two soybean varieties at different stages under Cd stress
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图 3 镉处理下2个大豆品种不同时期根系中NPT、GSH和PC浓度的变化
相同指标同一时期不同柱子上凡是有一个相同小写字母者，表示差异不显著(P>0.05，Duncan’s法)。
Figure 3. The NPT, GSH and PC concentrations in roots of two soybean varieties at different stages under Cd stress
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图 4 镉处理下2个大豆品种不同时期茎部NPT、GSH和PC浓度的变化
相同指标同一时期不同柱子上凡是有一个相同小写字母者，表示差异不显著(P>0.05，Duncan’s法)。
Figure 4. The NPT, GSH and PC concentrations in stems of two soybean varieties in different periods under Cd stress
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图 5 镉处理下2个大豆品种不同时期叶部NPT、GSH和PC浓度的变化
相同指标同一时期不同柱子上凡是有一个相同小写字母者，表示差异不显著(P>0.05，Duncan’s法)。
Figure 5. The NPT, GSH and PC concentrations in leaves of two soybean varieties in different periods under Cd stress
表 1 大豆各器官中巯基物质与镉浓度和抗性指数的相关分析1)
Table 1 Correlation analysis of non-protein thiol and Cd contents in organs, and tolerance indexes of two soybean genotypes
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