Abstract: As the modern livestock and poultry farming industry faces increasing challenges, including improving production efficiency, reducing costs, ensuring animal welfare, and responding to environmental changes, the application of robotic technology has become the key to driving the transformation of this industry. This article reviewed the research progress of robotic technology in the field of livestock and poultry farming, including the current status and technical characteristics of research on feeding robots, cleaning robots, inspection robots, milking robots, and other related areas. The robotic technology played an important role in enhancing the automation and intelligence level of the livestock and poultry farming industry. Among them, the feeding robots improved the feeding efficiency and the health level of farmed animals through precise control of feed delivery, the cleaning robots could effectively manage the farming environment and enhance the hygiene conditions of farms, the inspection robots optimized farming management through real-time monitoring of the environment and animal health condition, the milking robots achieved automation in dairy farming and improved the production efficiency. The challenge and opportunity of robotic technology in livestock and poultry farming were discussed, and the future development trend and prospect were proposed.