Interspecific relationships between Rhopalosiphum rufiabdominalis and Sogatella furcifera mediated by rice secondary metabolites
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摘要:目的
探究白背飞虱Sogatella furcifera与红腹缢管蚜Rhopalosiphum rufiabdominalis种间互作机制，以及2种昆虫互作过程中水稻次生代谢物质的作用。
方法将白背飞虱和红腹缢管蚜按不同比例混合饲养，待白背飞虱长至成虫后分组配对，分析白背飞虱总产卵量及日均产卵量；测定各处理的水稻草酸、黄酮及总酚含量，利用GC/MS仪器分析各处理水稻幼苗次生代谢物质成分的差异。
结果“15头蚜虫 + 5头白背飞虱”处理的白背飞虱总产卵量仅为131.67粒，与“20头白背飞虱”处理(214.60粒)差异显著，日均产卵量也呈现相同的规律；“15头蚜虫 + 5头白背飞虱”处理的水稻黄酮和总酚含量分别为1.98和63.71 mg/L，均显著高于其他处理。GC/MS分析表明，“15头蚜虫 + 5头白背飞虱”处理的水稻中丙丁酚相对含量高达75.78%，而其余处理的水稻中不存在此种酚类物质。
结论红腹缢管蚜可能是通过刺激水稻提高黄酮及总酚含量，进而抑制白背飞虱的生殖能力，其中丙丁酚可能在白背飞虱和红腹缢管蚜种间互作中起着关键作用。
Abstract:ObjectiveTo explore the interaction mechanism between species of Sogatella furcifera (white-backed planthopper) and Rhopalosiphum rufiabdominalis (aphid), and the role of secondary metabolites in rice during the interaction between the two insects.
MethodS. furcifera and R. rufiabdominalis were mixed in different proportions, and the total egg production and average daily spawning of white-backed planthopper adults were analyzed after pairing. The contents of oxalic acid, flavones and total phenols of each treated rice seedlings were determined, and the differences in compositions of secondary metabolites were analyzed by GC/MS instrument.
ResultThe total egg production of white-backed planthoppers treated with “15 aphids + 5 white-backed planthoppers” was only 131.67 grains, which was significantly different from that of “20 white-backed planthoppers” (214.60 grains), and the average daily fecundity was the same. The contents of rice flavones and total phenols treated with “15 aphids + 5 white-backed planthoppers” were 1.98 and 63.71 mg/L, respectively, which were significantly higher than those of other treatments. GC/MS analysis showed that the relative content of probucol in rice treated with “15 aphids + 5 white-backed planthoppers” was as high as 75.78%, while this phenolic substance was not present in the rest of the treatments.
ConclusionR. rufiabdominalis may inhibit the reproductive ability of S. furcifera through stimulating rice to promote the content of flavones and total phenols. The probucol may play a key role in the interaction between S. furcifera and R. rufiabdominalis.
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图 1 各处理组白背飞虱的单雌总产卵量及日均产卵量
T2：15头蚜虫 + 5头白背飞虱，T3：10头蚜虫 + 10头白背飞虱，T4：5头蚜虫 + 15头白背飞虱，T5：20头白背飞虱；图A中，柱子上方的不同小写字母表示处理间差异显著(P<0.05，Duncan’s法)
Figure 1. Total egg production and average daily spawning of white-backed planthopper in each treatment
T2: 15 aphids + 5 white-backed planthoppers, T3: 10 aphids + 10 white-backed planthoppers, T4: 5 aphids + 15 white-backed planthoppers, T5: 20 white-backed planthoppers; In figure A, different lowercase letters above the bars indicate significant differences among treatments (P<0.05, Duncan’s method)
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图 2 各处理组水稻的草酸、黄酮和总酚含量
T1：20头蚜虫，T2：15头蚜虫 + 5头白背飞虱，T3：10头蚜虫 + 10头白背飞虱，T4：5头蚜虫 + 15头白背飞虱，T5：20头白背飞虱，T6(CK)：0头蚜虫 + 0头白背飞虱；各图中，柱子上方的不同小写字母表示处理间差异显著(P<0.05，Duncan’s法)
Figure 2. Contents of oxalic acid, flavones and total phenols in rice of each treatment
T1: 20 aphids, T2: 15 aphids + 5 white-backed planthoppers, T3: 10 aphids + 10 white-backed planthoppers, T4: 5 aphids + 15 white-backed planthoppers, T5: 20 white-backed planthoppers, T6 (Control treatment): 0 aphid + 0 white-backed planthopper; In each figure, different lowercase letters above the bars indicate significant differences among treatments (P<0.05, Duncan’s method)
表 1 各试验处理的白背飞虱和红腹缢管蚜初始数量
Table 1 Initial number of white-backed planthopper and aphid in each experimental treatment
处理
Treatment蚜虫/头
Aphid白背飞虱/头
White-backed planthopperT1 20 0 T2 15 5 T3 10 10 T4 5 15 T5 0 20 T6(CK) 0 0 
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表 2 各处理组水稻主要次生代谢物质成分及相对含量
Table 2 The main secondary metabolite components and relative contents in rice of each treatment
化合物名称
Compound name分子式
Molecular formulat保留/min
Retention time相对含量1)/% Relative content T2 T4 T6 2,3−二氢−3,5−二羟基−6−甲基−4H−吡喃−4−酮
2,3-Dihydro-3,5-dihydroxy-6-methyl-4H-pyran-4-oneC6H8O4 5.664 0.67 3.71 13.21 萘 Naphthalene C10H8 5.931 0.41 0.95 2.82 2,4−二甲基苯甲醛 2,4-Dimethyl-benzaldehyde C9H10O 6.662 1.53 8.38 3.45 3−乙酰氧基−3−羟基丙酸甲酯
3-Acetoxy-3-hydroxypropionic acid-methyl esterC6H10O5 7.800 0 0 6.39 1−硝基−1−脱氧−d−甘油−l−甘露庚醇
1-Nitro-1-deoxy-d-glycero-l-mannoheptitolC7H15NO8 8.943 0 0 1.87 十二烷醛 Dodecanal C12H24O 11.407 0.08 1.07 1.70 5−羟甲基糠醛 5-Hydroxymethylfurfural C6H6O3 12.881 0.35 0 16.67 2,4−二叔丁基苯酚 2,4-Di-tert-butylphenol C14H22O 14.001 5.38 28.59 2.70 7,9−二叔丁基−1−氧杂螺(4,5)癸−6,9−二烯−2,8−二酮
7,9-Di-tert-butyl-1-oxaspiro(4,5)deca-6,9-diene-2,8-dioneC17H24O3 22.629 2.79 15.95 2.23 二苯基砜 Diphenyl sulfone C12H10O2S 23.036 4.21 28.02 23.68 9−十八烯酰胺 (Z)-9-Octadecenamide C18H35NO 30.918 0 0.73 1.30 β−谷甾醇 Beta-sitosterol C29H50O 33.250 0.24 0.74 1.33 3−[(三甲基硅)氧基]麦角甾−7−烯
3-[(Trimethylsilyl)oxy]ergost-7-eneC31H56OSi 35.274 0 0 0.98 1,6−双[甲基(三甲基)硅氧基]己烷
1,6-Bis[methyl (trimethylene) silyloxy]hexaneC14H30O2Si2 36.375 0 0 0.92 (1R,4R)−4−二丙基−1−甲基环己基−2−烯醇
(1R,4R)-4-Lsopropyl-1-methylcyclohex-2-enolC10H18O 38.780 0 0 0.90 丙丁酚 Probucol C31H48O2S2 38.935 75.78 0 0 3−羟基−(3β,5α,14β,20β,22β,25R)−螺甾−8−烯−11−酮
3-hydroxy-(3β,5α,14β,20β,22β,25R)-Spirost-8-en-11-oneC27H40O4 38.941 0 0 1.05 7−溴−8−氯−2−甲基十八烷
7-Bromo-8-chloro-2-methyloctadecaneC19H38BrCl 41.439 1.12 0 1.53 其他 Other 7.44 11.86 17.27 1) T2：15头蚜虫 + 5头白背飞虱；T4：5头蚜虫 + 15头白背飞虱；T6(CK)： 0头蚜虫 + 0头白背飞虱
1) T2: 15 aphids + 5 white-backed planthoppers; T4: 5 aphids + 15 white-backed planthoppers; T6 (Control treatment): 0 aphid + 0 white-backed planthopper
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