Abstract: Crop mechanical properties are intrinsically related to its morphological structure, microstructure and compound composition, and traditional macroscopic mechanical test methods cannot resolve the relationship. The development of microscopic image acquisition and processing technology and finite element simulation has led to a new approach to study on crop mechanics at multiple scales. The study of the structure and mechanical properties of crop tissue is an important part of crop mechanics at multiple scales. This paper reviewed the current status and development of research on the multi-scale structural mechanics of crop tissue from three aspects: Morphological structure and geometric model construction methods, mechanical models and its solution method, and mechanical performance experiment methods of crop tissue, and pointed out their current shortcomings from those three aspects. The prospects for conducting multi-scale structural mechanics research were also presented.