杨文彩, 田梓园, 潘吴建, 等. 蔬菜穴盘育苗播种机清种装置的设计与试验[J]. 华南农业大学学报, 2024, 45(1): 116-126. DOI: 10.7671/j.issn.1001-411X.202208041
    引用本文: 杨文彩, 田梓园, 潘吴建, 等. 蔬菜穴盘育苗播种机清种装置的设计与试验[J]. 华南农业大学学报, 2024, 45(1): 116-126. DOI: 10.7671/j.issn.1001-411X.202208041
    YANG Wencai, TIAN Ziyuan, PAN Wujian, et al. Design and experiment of seed cleaning device of vegetable plug seedling seeder[J]. Journal of South China Agricultural University, 2024, 45(1): 116-126. DOI: 10.7671/j.issn.1001-411X.202208041
    Citation: YANG Wencai, TIAN Ziyuan, PAN Wujian, et al. Design and experiment of seed cleaning device of vegetable plug seedling seeder[J]. Journal of South China Agricultural University, 2024, 45(1): 116-126. DOI: 10.7671/j.issn.1001-411X.202208041

    蔬菜穴盘育苗播种机清种装置的设计与试验

    Design and experiment of seed cleaning device of vegetable plug seedling seeder

    • 摘要:
      目的 针对蔬菜穴盘育苗播种机现有清种装置清种效果不好,导致的充种合格率低、重播率高问题,设计集机械式、气吹式、电控式为一体的清种装置。
      方法 结合运动学及动力学理论对三级清种装置的结构进行设计;采用Ansys软件中Fluent模块对气吹式清种装置的不同进气口和出气口结构中的气流稳定性进行分析;在理论分析和仿真分析的基础上选取排种器转速、排种器负压、清种装置正压、种子直径为试验因素,结合农艺要求选取单粒充种合格率、重播率为试验指标开展四因素三水平二次回归正交试验。根据试验数据得出最佳参数组合。
      结果 由仿真分析得出,中间端进气圆弧式喷嘴气吹式清种结构清种效果最好。由台架试验得到排种最佳参数组合,即在排种器转速为0.17 r/s、种子直径为1.5 mm、排种器负压为0.6 kPa、气吹式清种装置正压为0.3 kPa时,平均单粒充种合格率为95.31%,平均重播率为0.2%。
      结论 本文设计的清种装置满足了蔬菜播种农艺要求,可以有效提升充种合格率、降低重播率,为生产实际提供理论指导。

       

      Abstract:
      Objective Aiming at the problem that the existing seed cleaning device of the vegetable plug seedling seeder is not effective in cleaning seeds, resulting in low seed filling qualification rate and high reseeding rate, a seed cleaning device integrating mechanical type, air blowing and electric control is designed.
      Method Combined with kinematics and dynamics theory, the structure of the three-stage seed cleaning device was designed. The air flow stability in different air-inlet and air-outlet structures of the air-blown seed cleaning device was analyzed by using the fluent module in Ansys software. On the basis of theoretical analysis and simulation analysis, the speed of seeding device, negative pressure of seeding device, positive pressure of seed cleaning device and seed diameter were selected as the experimental factors. According to the agronomy requirements, qualified rate of single seed filling and reseeding rate were selected as test indexes to carry out four-factor and three-level quadratic regression orthogonal test. The best parameter combination was obtained based on the experimental data.
      Result According to the simulation analysis, it is concluded that the air blowing type structure with the air-inlet circular arc nozzle at the middle end had the best seed cleaning effect. The best parameter combination for seed metering was summarized from the bench test. When the speed of the seeding device was 0.17 r/s, and the seed diameter was 1.5 mm, the negative pressure of the seeding device was 0.6 kPa, and the positive pressure of the air blowing seed cleaning device was 0.3 kPa, the average qualified rate of single seed filling was 95.31%, and the average reseeding rate was 0.2%.
      Conclusion The design of the seed cleaning device meets the agronomic requirements of vegetable sowing, which can effectively improve the qualified rate of seed filling and reduce the reseeding rate, and provide theoretical guidance for production practice.

       

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