王倩, 童睿, 檀根甲, 等. 栝楼果实腐烂病病原菌鉴定及防治药剂的筛选[J]. 华南农业大学学报, 2023, 44(2): 270-279. DOI: 10.7671/j.issn.1001-411X.202202006
    引用本文: 王倩, 童睿, 檀根甲, 等. 栝楼果实腐烂病病原菌鉴定及防治药剂的筛选[J]. 华南农业大学学报, 2023, 44(2): 270-279. DOI: 10.7671/j.issn.1001-411X.202202006
    WANG Qian, TONG Rui, TAN Genjia, et al. Identification of the pathogen causing Trichosanthes kirilowii fruit rot and screening of fungicides[J]. Journal of South China Agricultural University, 2023, 44(2): 270-279. DOI: 10.7671/j.issn.1001-411X.202202006
    Citation: WANG Qian, TONG Rui, TAN Genjia, et al. Identification of the pathogen causing Trichosanthes kirilowii fruit rot and screening of fungicides[J]. Journal of South China Agricultural University, 2023, 44(2): 270-279. DOI: 10.7671/j.issn.1001-411X.202202006

    栝楼果实腐烂病病原菌鉴定及防治药剂的筛选

    Identification of the pathogen causing Trichosanthes kirilowii fruit rot and screening of fungicides

    • 摘要:
      目的  明确引起栝楼果实腐烂病的病原菌种类并筛选其有效防治药剂。
      方法  2019—2020年采集安徽省大别山区的栝楼果实腐烂病样品,采用组织分离法获得35株分离物,利用柯赫氏法则验证其致病性,依据菌株形态学特征和多基因序列分析确定病原菌种类;采用菌丝生长速率法测定7种杀菌剂的室内毒力。
      结果  共分离纯化得到4种不同菌落形态特征的菌株,经柯赫氏法则验证均为栝楼果实腐烂病病原菌,经形态学观察和分子系统发育分析,确定引起栝楼果实腐烂病的病原菌分别为藤仓镰孢菌Fusarium fujikuroi、层出镰孢菌F. proliferatum、果生刺盘孢Colletotrichum fructicola和辽宁刺盘孢C. liaoningense,分离频率依次为31.4%、8.6%、20.0%和40.0%。室内毒力测定结果表明,咪鲜胺、咯菌腈、苯醚甲环唑、氰烯菌酯和百菌清对F. fujikuroiF. proliferatum的抑制效果较好,EC50为0.1046 ~ 5.1781 μg/mL;咪鲜胺、苯醚甲环唑和咯菌腈对C. fructicolaC. liaoningense的抑制效果较好,EC50为0.0097 ~ 2.1325 μg/mL。
      结论  栝楼果实腐烂病主要由镰孢菌属和刺盘孢属真菌侵染引起,咪鲜胺、苯醚甲环唑和咯菌腈对引起该病害的病原菌具有较好的抑制效果。

       

      Abstract:
      Objective  To clarify the pathogen causing Trichosanthes kirilowii fruit rot and screen effective fungicides for controlling the disease.
      Method  Samples of rot fruit from T. kirilowii plants were collected from Dabie Mountain Areas, Anhui Province in 2019—2020. A total of 35 representative isolates were obtained by tissue isolation. The pathogenicity was verified according to the Koch’s postulate, and the causal agents were identified based on the morphological characteristics and multilocus sequence analysis. The indoor toxicity of seven fungicides against the pathogen was detected by the mycelium growth rate method.
      Result  Colonies with four different morphological characteristics were isolated and purified. The isolates were confirmed to be pathogenic to the fruit of T. kirilowii according to the Koch’s postulate. They were identified as Fusarium fujikuroi, F. proliferatum, Colletotrichum fructicola and C. liaoningense by combining morphological characteristics with phylogenetic analysis, with isolation frequencies of 31.4%, 8.6%, 20.0% and 40.0%, respectively. In addition, the indoor toxicity test results indicated that prochloraz, fludioxonil, difenoconazole, phenamacril and chlorothalonil had better inhibitory effect against F. fujikuroi andF. proliferatum, with EC50 ranging from 0.1046 to 5.1781 μg/mL. Prochloraz, fludioxonil and difenoconazole had better inhibitory effect againstC. fructiicola and C. liaoningense with EC50 ranging from 0.0097 to 2.1325 μg/mL.
      Conclusion  The causal agents associated with fruit rot disease on T. kirilowii are Fusarium spp. and Colletotrichum spp.. Prochloraz, fludioxonil and difenoconazole all show good inhibitory activity against the pathogens.

       

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