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    陈广银, 董金竹, 吴佩, 等. 不同贮存方式对猪粪水理化特性的影响[J]. 华南农业大学学报, 2022, 43(4): 38-46. doi: 10.7671/j.issn.1001-411X.202109031
    引用本文: 陈广银, 董金竹, 吴佩, 等. 不同贮存方式对猪粪水理化特性的影响[J]. 华南农业大学学报, 2022, 43(4): 38-46. doi: 10.7671/j.issn.1001-411X.202109031
    shu
    CHEN Guangyin, DONG Jinzhu, WU Pei, et al. Effect of different storage methods on physic-chemical properties of pig slurry[J]. Journal of South China Agricultural University, 2022, 43(4): 38-46. doi: 10.7671/j.issn.1001-411X.202109031
    Citation: CHEN Guangyin, DONG Jinzhu, WU Pei, et al. Effect of different storage methods on physic-chemical properties of pig slurry[J]. Journal of South China Agricultural University, 2022, 43(4): 38-46. doi: 10.7671/j.issn.1001-411X.202109031
    shu

    不同贮存方式对猪粪水理化特性的影响

    Effect of different storage methods on physic-chemical properties of pig slurry

      摘要
    • 摘要:
      目的  针对猪粪水贮存过程中氮素大量损失的问题，比较秋季和冬季条件下敞口和密封贮存对猪粪水贮存过程中理化特性的影响，以便为猪粪水贮存还田提供理论参考。
      方法  在实验室条件下，比较了秋季和冬季敞口与密封贮存对猪粪水贮存过程中物质转化、氮素损失及无害化的影响，分析了猪粪水pH、电导率(Electrical conductivity，κ)、化学需氧量(Chemical oxygen demand，COD)、种子发芽率及NH4+-N、NO3−-N、总氮(Total nitrogen，TN)和重金属(As、Zn、Cu、Pb和Cd)含量的变化。
      结果  猪粪水贮存过程中，pH先增加后保持相对稳定，κ、COD及TN、NO3−-N和重金属含量均逐渐降低，NH4+-N含量先增加后降低，种子发芽率逐渐增加；贮存后猪粪水中无机氮占比明显增加(冬季敞口贮存除外)，除Cu和Zn含量未达到《农田灌溉水质标准》(GB 5084—2021)要求外，As、Pb和Cd含量均达到无害化和稳定化要求；贮存造成氮素损失严重，秋季和冬季敞口贮存猪粪水的氮素损失率分别为79.44%和52.60%。与敞口相比，密封贮存降低了猪粪水pH，显著减少了贮存过程中氮素损失，降低了Zn含量，特别是显著减少了NH4+-N损失，秋季和冬季贮存后猪粪水氮素损失率较敞口贮存分别减少36.14和21.30个百分点；贮存后猪粪水κ显著高于敞口贮存，种子发芽率略低，对其他重金属(As、Cu、Pb和Cd)含量无显著影响。
      结论  尽管敞口贮存简单方便，但氮素损失严重，降低了贮存后猪粪水的肥料价值，故在有条件的地区应鼓励养殖场进行猪粪水密封贮存。

       

      Abstract:
      Objective  Aiming at the great loss of nitrogen during swine slurry storage process, effects of open and sealed storage on the physic-chemical properties of swine slurry during the storage process were compared in autumn and winter to provide a theoretical reference for swine slurry storage and return to the field.
      Method  The effects of open and sealed storage on material transformation, nitrogen loss and harmlessness of pig slurry storage were compared in autumn and winter under laboratory condition. The changes of pH value, electrical conductivity (κ), chemical oxygen demand (COD), NH4+-N content, NO3−- N content, total nitrogen (TN) content, seed germination rate and heavy metal (As, Zn, Cu, Pb and Cd) contents were analyzed.
      Result  The pH value first increased and then remained relatively stable, κ, COD, the contents of TN, NO3−-N and heavy metals gradually decreased, NH4+-N content first increased and then decreased gradually, and the seed germination rate gradually increased during the storage of pig slurry. After storage, the proportion of inorganic nitrogen in pig slurry increased significantly (Except for winter open storage). Except Cu and Zn did not meet the requirements of “Water Quality Standard for Farmland Irrigation” (GB 5084—2021), As, Pb and Cd met the requirements of harmlessness and stabilization. However storage also caused serious nitrogen loss, with the nitrogen loss rates of 79.44% and 52.60% respectively in autumn and winter under open storage. Compared with open storage, sealed storage reduced the pH value of pig slurry, significantly reduced the nitrogen loss and Zn content during storage, especially the NH4+-N loss. The nitrogen loss rate of pig slurry after storage in autumn and winter decreased by 36.14 and 21.30 percentage points respectively compared with open storage. However, after storage, the κ of pig slurry was significantly higher than that of open storage, seed germination rate was slightly lower, and there was no significant effect on the contents of other heavy metals (As, Cu, Pb and Cd).
      Conclusion  Although open storage is simple and convenient, but the nitrogen loss is serious, which reduces the fertilizer value of pig slurry after storage. Therefore, farms should be encouraged to store pig slurry in sealed condition.

       

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