Trapping effect of inserting bamboo poles in the paddy fields on spawning of Pomacea canaliculata
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摘要:目的
研究田间不同插竿方式对福寿螺Pomacea canaliculata产卵的影响。
方法通过插竿位置、插竿间距、插竿高度及竹竿形状4个因素研究不同的插竿方式对福寿螺产卵的诱集效率。
结果稻田插竹竿能诱集福寿螺在其上产卵，且在竹竿上收集到的福寿螺卵块数量呈现返青期>拔节期>抽穗期的变化趋势。在效果最明显的返青期，距离田埂1 m的竹竿对螺卵诱集效率达到50%以上，显著高于其他位置竹竿及对照水稻茎秆上的卵块数(P<0.05)；距离田埂2 m的竹竿次之，距离田埂3 m的竹竿和对照最少。间距100 cm的竹竿诱集螺卵效率为41%，间距30 cm的为33%，显著高于间距70 cm及未插竹竿区域内水稻茎秆上的卵块数(P<0.05)。顶端距离水面高度30 cm的竹竿与距离水面高度50 cm的竹竿诱集产卵效率分别为43%和40%，显著高于高度10 cm及未插竹竿区域内水稻茎秆上的卵块数(P<0.05)。圆形竹条与扁竹竿在此时期收集得到的卵块数无显著差异。水稻移栽后，在靠近田埂1 m处和顶端距离水面30~50 cm的高度扦插1圈间距为100 cm的竹竿，在福寿螺为害盛期，螺卵发生密集的小范围区域内减小间距为30 cm沿田埂内周扦插1圈竹竿，均能达到较好的螺卵防除效果。
结论实际生产中在田间合理地扦插竹竿可有效减少福寿螺卵块，降低福寿螺繁殖率，减少螺害。本研究可为物理控螺提供一条新的有效途径。
Abstract:ObjectiveTo study different methods of inserting bamboo poles in paddy field on spawning ofPomacea canaliculata.
MethodEffects of four factors including position, distance, height and shape of inserting poles on trapping efficiency of P. canaliculata spawning were investigated.
ResultThe bamboo poles inserted in paddy field could lure P. canaliculata to spawn on them. The number of egg masses tended to decrease successively from reviving stage, jointing stage to heading stage. At reviving stage with the best trapping effect, more than 50% egg masses were found on the bamboo poles which were 1 m from the paddy ridge, and the number was significantly higher compared with bamboo poles at other positions and rice straws(control)(P<0.05). The bamboo poles at 3 m distance from the paddy ridge and rice straws had the least numbers of egg masses, followed by the bamboo poles at 2 m distance from the paddy ridge. The trapping efficiencies for bamboo pole layouts with 100 cm distance and 30 cm distance between poles were 41% and 33% respectively, which were significantly higher than those for bamboo pole layout with 70 cm distance between poles and the control (P<0.05). The trapping efficiencies for bamboo poles with the tops being 30 and 50 cm high above water surface were 43% and 40% respectively, which were significantly higher than those for bamboo poles with the tops being 10 cm high above water surface and the control (P<0.05). There was no significant difference in the numbers of egg masses between circular-shaped and flat-shaped bamboo poles. After transplanting the rice, high trapping efficiency ofP. canaliculata spawning could be obtained by inserting bamboo poles at 1 m distance from paddy ridge, with 100 cm distance between poles and the tops being 30–50 cm high above water surface. Specially, at peak attack period ofP. canaliculata, bamboo poles inserted at 30 cm distance between poles could realize efficient trapping of egg masses.
ConclusionAppropriately inserting bamboo poles in paddy field can help reduce the egg mass of P. canaliculata, hence reduce the reproductive rate of P. canaliculata and decrease the harm of P. canaliculata in practice. This research provides a new physical control approach of P. canaliculata.
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图 1 稻田中不同位置插竹竿试验小区设计示意图
Figure 1. An illustrated test plot with bamboo poles inserted at different positions in paddy field
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图 3 在水稻不同生育期不同插竹竿位置(A)及其单位面积(1 m2)内(B)所收集的福寿螺卵块情况
各图中相同水稻生长期不同柱子上凡是有一个相同小写字母者，表示处理间差异不显著(P>0.05，Duncan’s法)
Figure 3. The numbers of egg masses on bamboo poles inserted at different positions (A) and collected per square meter at different positions (B) during rice growth stages
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图 4 在水稻不同生育期不同扦插间距的所有竹竿(A)和单竿(B)所收集的福寿螺卵块情况
各图中相同水稻生长期柱子上凡是有一个相同小写字母者，表示处理间差异不显著(P>0.05，Duncan’s法)
Figure 4. The numbers of egg masses on all bamboo poles (A) and on each bamboo pole (B) with different inserting distance between poles at different rice growth stages
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图 5 水稻各生育期距水面不同高度的竹竿所收集的福寿螺卵块情况
图中相同水稻生长期柱子上凡是有一个相同小写字母者，表示处理间差异不显著(P>0.05，Duncan’s法)
Figure 5. The numbers of egg masses on bamboo poles inserted with different heights above water surface at different rice growth stages
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