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    张国宾, 冯秀杰, 周星洋, 邓松清, 钟秋瓒, 万树青. 稻田除草剂残留对后茬作物烟草农艺性状和生理代谢的影响[J]. 华南农业大学学报, 2016, 37(1): 41-45. DOI: 10.7671/j.issn.1001-411X.2016.01.007
    引用本文: 张国宾, 冯秀杰, 周星洋, 邓松清, 钟秋瓒, 万树青. 稻田除草剂残留对后茬作物烟草农艺性状和生理代谢的影响[J]. 华南农业大学学报, 2016, 37(1): 41-45. DOI: 10.7671/j.issn.1001-411X.2016.01.007
    shu
    ZHANG Guobin, FENG Xiujie, ZHOU Xingyang, DENG Songqing, ZHONG Qiuzan, WAN Shuqing. Effects of paddy herbicide residues on agronomic traits and physiological metabolism of tobacco[J]. Journal of South China Agricultural University, 2016, 37(1): 41-45. DOI: 10.7671/j.issn.1001-411X.2016.01.007
    Citation: ZHANG Guobin, FENG Xiujie, ZHOU Xingyang, DENG Songqing, ZHONG Qiuzan, WAN Shuqing. Effects of paddy herbicide residues on agronomic traits and physiological metabolism of tobacco[J]. Journal of South China Agricultural University, 2016, 37(1): 41-45. DOI: 10.7671/j.issn.1001-411X.2016.01.007
    shu

    稻田除草剂残留对后茬作物烟草农艺性状和生理代谢的影响

    Effects of paddy herbicide residues on agronomic traits and physiological metabolism of tobacco

      摘要
    • 摘要:
      目的 了解稻烟轮作区稻田除草剂残留对后茬作物烟草农艺性状和生长造成的药害影响。
      方法 稻田3种常用除草剂二氯喹啉酸、苄嘧磺隆和2甲4氯钠, 在1/4的推荐剂量下处理土壤。分别采用DNS法(3, 5-二硝基水杨酸)、活体法、比色法和愈创木酚法，测定药害烟叶中淀粉酶、硝酸还原酶、蔗糖转化酶、过氧化物酶活性的动态变化，并分析3种除草剂残留引起的烟草药害症状和对农艺性状及生理代谢的影响。
      结果 在打顶至成熟期，3种除草剂均会对烟草产生药害，二氯喹啉酸对烟草叶宽有显著抑制作用，抑制率可达58.56%，对硝酸还原酶和过氧化物酶活性动态变化影响较大；苄嘧磺隆主要抑制株高和叶宽，抑制率分别达14.21%和13.74%，但对烟草生理活性影响较小，主要影响淀粉酶和过氧化物酶活性；2甲4氯钠对烟草株高、叶长和叶宽均有显著抑制作用，抑制率分别达到36.03%、32.57%和36.65%，但除了过氧化物酶外，对另外3种酶活性影响不大。
      结论 稻烟轮作区稻田应该避免使用二氯喹啉酸、苄嘧磺隆和2甲4氯钠。

       

      Abstract:
      Objective To study the effects of residual herbicides in paddy field on following tobacco agronomic traits and growth in rice and tobacco rotation district.
      Method Three common herbicides including quinclorac, bensulfuron methyl and MCPA-Na were applied to paddy field using 1/4 of recommended dosages. The dynamic changes of amylase, nitratereductase, invertaer, polyphenol oxidase and peroxidase in tobacco leaves were determined using DNS, in vivo test, colorimetric method and guaiacol method respectively. The effects of herbicide residues on tobacco symptoms, agronomic traits and physiological metabolism were obtained.
      Result All three herbicides were harmful to tobacco from topping stage to mature stage.Quinclorac affected tobacco plant especially in leaf width with the inhibition rate of 58.56%, and it also greatly affected the activity of nitrate reductase and peroxidase. Bensulfuron methyl mainly affected the plant height and leaf width with the inhibition rate of 14.21% and 13.74% respectively and mainly affected the activity of amylase and peroxidase with little effect on the physiological activity of tobacco. MCPA-Na affected the plant height, leaf length and width with the inhibition rate of 36.03%, 32.57% and 36.65% respectively, and only affected the activity of peroxidase.
      Conclusion Quinclorac, bensulfuron methyl and MCPA-Na should be avoided in rice and tobacco rotation system.

       

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