不同硒源对泌乳期母猪生产性能、甲状腺激素水平和免疫功能的影响

林金玉; 林长光; 詹桂兰; 林枣友; 刘亚轩; 郑金贵

doi:10.7671/j.issn.1001-411X.2015.01.001

不同硒源对泌乳期母猪生产性能、甲状腺激素水平和免疫功能的影响

Effects of different selenium sources on production performance, thyroid level and immune function in sows during lactation

摘要

摘要:
目的探索不同硒源对泌乳期母猪生产性能、免疫功能和甲状腺激素水平的影响.
方法选用健康、体况相似、预产期相近的3~6胎次长×大杂交二元经产母猪200头，随机分为10组，每组20个重复，每个重复1头母猪，分别饲喂不同处理的日粮.1组为对照组，饲喂不添加硒源的基础日粮；其余9组为试验组，分别以亚硒酸钠、酵母硒和纳米硒的形式添加，各形式硒的添加量均分别为0.3、0.5、0.7 mg ·kg^-1.试验期为58 d.
结果和结论 0.3、0.5 mg ·kg^-1硒添加量的酵母硒组和0.5、0.7 mg ·kg^-1硒添加量的纳米硒组母猪的后代初生窝质量显著高于空白对照组(P < 0.05)；0.5 mg ·kg^-1硒添加量的酵母硒组仔猪断奶窝质量、窝增质量、日增质量均显著高于空白对照组和亚硒酸钠组(P < 0.05)；硒源对哺乳母猪和哺乳仔猪血清3，3′，5-三碘甲腺原氨酸(T₃)、3，5，3′，5′-四碘甲腺原氨酸(T₄)质量浓度的影响极显著(P < 0.01)；纳米硒组母猪血清T₃质量浓度比对照组、亚硒酸钠组和酵母硒组依次提高了29.52%、17.24%和23.63%(P < 0.01)；纳米硒组母猪血清T₄质量浓度比对照组、亚硒酸钠组和酵母硒组依次降低了24.71%、30.88%和33.86%(P < 0.01)；纳米硒组母猪血清IgA质量浓度比亚硒酸钠组、酵母硒组依次提高了85.39%、79.35%(P < 0.01)，血清IgM质量浓度比亚硒酸钠组、酵母硒组依次提高了24.19%、50.98%(P < 0.01)；与对照组相比，亚硒酸钠、纳米硒和酵母硒组哺乳仔猪血清IgG质量浓度分别提高了19.11%、43.39%和34.63%(P < 0.01)，血清IgA质量浓度分别提高了93.67%、160.75%、132.91%(P < 0.01)，血清IgM质量浓度分别提高了90.91%、140.91%、102.27%(P < 0.01).结果表明：在泌乳期母猪日粮中添加纳米硒和酵母硒能显著提高母猪的繁殖性能、免疫功能并调节血清甲状腺激素水平.

Abstract:
Objective This experiment was conducted to study the effects of different Se sources on production performance, thyroid level and immune function in sows during lactation.
Method A total of 200 LY (Landrace×Yorkshire) binary hybrid multiparous sows (healthy, with similar body condition, close due date, 3-6 parities) were allotted to 10 groups randomly, with 20 replications in each group. Group one was the control group fed with basal diet without supplementation of Se. The other 9 groups were supplemented with 0.3, 0.5 or 0.7 mg ·kg^-1 Se-containing sodium selenite, yeast selenium or nano-selenium respectively. The whole feeding experiment lasted for 58 days.
Result and conclusion The birth mass of group supplemented with yeast selenium by 0.3, 0.5 mg ·kg^-1 or nano-selenium by 0.5, 0.7 mg ·kg^-1 was significantly higher than that of the control group (P < 0.05). The group with 0.5 mg ·kg^-1 selenium yeast was significantly higher than those of the control group and the group with sodium selenite in mass of weaning litter, litter mass gain and daily gain(P < 0.05). The effect of different sources of selenium on 3, 3′, 5-triiodothyronine(T₃) and 3, 5, 3′, 5′-thyroxine(T₄) mass concentrations in serum of lactation sows and sucking piglets was extremely significant (P < 0.01). Compared with the control group, groups with sodium selenite or selenium yeast, the serum T₃ mass concentration of sows fed on the diets supplemented with nano-selenium group significantly(P < 0.01) increased by 29.52%, 17.24% or 23.63%, respectively, but the serum T₄ mass concentration significantly(P < 0.01) decreased by 24.71%, 30.88% or 33.86% respectively. Compared with the group with sodium selenite or selenium yeast, the serum IgA and IgM mass concentration of sows fed on the diets with nano-selenium increased by 85.39% and 79.35% (P < 0.01)or 24.19% and 50.98% (P < 0.01) respectively. Compared with the control group, the serum IgG mass concentration of sucking piglets from the sows fed on the diets with sodium selenite, nano-selenium or selenium yeast significantly (P < 0.01) increased by 19.11%, 43.39% or 34.63% respectively, while the serum IgA and IgM mass concentration increased by 93.67%, 160.75% or 132.91% and 90.91%, 140.91%or 102.27% respectively. The results indicate that nano-selenium or selenium yeast supplemented in diets can significantly improve the reproductive performance and immune function of sows, and regulating the secretion of thyroxine.

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