摘要:
【目的】 研究华南虎 Panthera tigris amoyensis、东北虎 P.tigris altaica 和孟加拉虎 P.tigris tigris 之间的进化关系.【方法】采用PCR扩增结合质粒测序的方法，获得东北虎、孟加拉虎和华南虎线粒体DNA CO Ⅰ 基因750 bp序列、CO Ⅲ 基因737 bp的序列和 ND4 基因561 bp的序列.使用DNAStar和DNAssit软件对这些序列进行碱基组成、序列间的转换/颠换值、遗传距离等分析.选择家猫 Felis catus、猎豹 Acinonyx jubatus 及云豹 Neofelis nebulosa 的mtDNA 作为外群，利用Mega 4.0采用邻接法重建华南虎、东北虎、孟加拉虎的进化关系树. 【结果和结论】 研究发现东北虎、孟加拉虎和华南虎线粒体DNA CO Ⅰ、CO Ⅲ 和ND4 基因变异位点较少，且华南虎同孟加拉虎、东北虎的遗传距离要大于孟加拉虎和东北虎的遗传距离；构建了华南虎、东北虎、孟加拉虎的CO Ⅰ、CO Ⅲ 和ND4 基因的基因树，通过对基因树分析可以得东北虎和孟加拉均是由华南虎进化而来的结论.
Abstract:
【Objective】To analyze the phylogenetic relationship of South China tiger, Panthera tigris amoyensis , Siberian tiger, P.tigris altaica and Bengal tiger, P.tigris tigris . 【Method】The fragment sequences of three mitochondrial genes were achieved by sequencing the PCR clones. These included CO Ⅰ 750 bp, CO Ⅲ 737 bp and ND4561 bp based on the three gene sequences analyses with the DNAStar software and the DNAssit software. Their base substitutions, Kimura 2-parameter distances and the percentage differences among three tiger subspecies were obtained. At the same time, the three genes sequences had fewer mutation sites. In addition, the Kimura 2-parameter distances of tiger subspecies was studied, selecting the mtDNAs of cat, Felis catus, leopard, Acinonyx jubatus and clouded leopard, Neofelis nebulosa as outgroup. The Mega 4.0 was used to reconstruct the evolutionary relationship of South China tiger, Siberian tiger, Bengal tiger with a neighbor-joining method. 【Result and conclusion】 The results of the Kimura 2-parameter distances of tiger subspecies indicates that Siberian tiger is closer to Bengal tiger than to South China tiger. The results of the CO Ⅰ, CO Ⅲ and ND4 genes show that Siberian tigers and Bengal tigers evolve from South China tigers.
下载:
