Abstract: 【Objective】 The natural wild soybean populations distributing in the north of Guangdong are the extreme southern limit in the world. The objective of the present study was to explore the genetic characteristics of one natural wild soybean population from Daqiao Town of Ruyuan County in Guangdong Province, providing the base for in situ or ex situ conservation for this population.【Method】 Ninety-eight wild soybean samples were collected from one natural population of wild soybean growing in Ruyuan County, Guangdong Province. In order to facilitate the selection of the natural reserve of wild soybean, genetic diversity of this population was evaluated using 22 and 73 SSR makers.【Result and conclusion】The results showed that 27 and 85 alleles were detected with an average of 1.23 and 1.02 alleles per marker respectively. Expected heterozygosity (He) was 0.02 averagely. The cluster analysis showed that the population could be divided into three subgroups. The population distributing along both sides of Pinru road showed a higher genetic diversity. The above analysis indicated that the genetic diversity of this population was very low. Thirty selected SSR markers may clarify the primary evaluation of genetic diversity population.