大豆球蛋白对幼鲤生长、饲料利用及肌肉营养成分的影响

吴莉芳; 赖红娥; 杨欢欢; 杨 婳; 邢秀苹; 王洪鹤; 秦贵信

doi:10.7671/j.issn.1001-411X.2014.01.001

大豆球蛋白对幼鲤生长、饲料利用及肌肉营养成分的影响

Effects of glycinin on the growth performance, feed utilization and nutritional composition in the young common carp

摘要

摘要: 【目的】研究大豆球蛋白（Glycinin）对幼鲤生长、饲料利用及肌肉营养成分的影响.【方法】分别以初始体质量为(10.12±0.08) g鲤稚鱼和初始体质量为（116.89±0.13）g鲤幼鱼为试验对象，在控温单循环养殖系统中进行为期8周的饲养试验，鲤稚鱼和幼鱼的饲料等氮（粗蛋白质量分数分别为40%和36%）等能（总能分别是16.9和15.2 MJ/kg），大豆球蛋白的添加梯度为0、3.0%、6.0%、9.0%、12.0%，每组饲料设3个重复.【结果和结论】在鲤稚鱼和幼鱼的配合饲料中，不同比例添加大豆球蛋白，会导致其生长性能不同程度地下降.鲤稚鱼3.0%、6.0%、9.0%和12.0%组的增质量率和特定生长率显著低于对照组（P＜0.05），而饲料效率、肥满度、肝体比、脏体比各组之间差异不显著（P＞0.05）. 鲤幼鱼3.0%组的增质量率、特定生长率、饲料效率与对照组差异不显著（P＞0.05），6.0%、9.0%和12.0%组的增质量率、特定生长率、饲料效率显著低于对照组（P＜0.05）.肥满度、肝体比、脏体比各组之间差异不显著（P＞0.05）.另外，随着大豆球蛋白的添加量增加，鲤稚鱼和幼鱼肌肉中粗蛋白含量呈下降趋势.3.0%组鲤稚鱼和幼鱼肌肉中粗蛋白含量与对照组差异不显著（P＞0.05），6.0%、9.0%和12.0%组均显著低于对照组（P＜0.05）.鲤稚鱼和幼鱼肌肉中的水分、粗脂肪、粗灰分含量各组之间差异不显著（P＞0.05）.在该试验条件下，鲤稚鱼配合饲料中大豆球蛋白的添加比例不应超过3.0%；鲤幼鱼配合饲料中大豆球蛋白的添加比例不应超过6.0%.

Abstract: 【Objective】This experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of glycinin on the growth performance, feed utilization and nutritional composition in the young common carp.【Method】The larval common carp ［initial body mass (10.12±0.08) g］ and juvenile common carp ［initial body mass (116.89±0.13) g］ were fed with the semi-refined diets of isonitrogenous (crude protein 40% and 36%) and isocaloric (total energy 16.9 and 15.2 MJ/kg) food for 8 weeks. The fish were replaced with 0, 3.0%, 6.0%, 9.0%, 12.0% of glycinin respectively. 【Result and conclusion】The results showed that the growth performance of larval and juvenile common carp diversely decreased with different ratios of purified glycinin. The body mass gain and specific growth rate of 3.0%, 6.0%, 9.0% and 12.0% groups in the larval common carp significantly decreased compared with the control groups (P＜0.05), but the feed efficiency ratio, condition factor, hepatosomatic index (HI) and viscerasomatic index (VI) had no significant differences(P＞0.05) between the groups. There were no significant differences in the body mass gain, specific growth rate and feed efficiency ratio of 3.0% groups in juvenile common carp compared with the control groups(P＞0.05), but 6.0%, 9.0% and 12.0% groups were significantly higher than that of control groups(P＜0.05). There were no significant differences in the condition factor, hepatosomatic index and viscerasomatic index between groups (P＞0.05). The crude protein content in muscle of larval and juvenile common carp decreased while the increase of replacement ratio on glycinin was observed. There were no significant differences in the crude protein content in muscle of larval and juvenile common carp of 3.0% groups compared with control groups (P＞0.05), but 6.0%,9.0% and 12.0% groups were significantly lower than that of control groups(P＜0.05). The moisture, crude lipid and ash content in muscle of larval and juvenile common carp had no significant differences between the groups(P＞0.05). Under this experiment condition, the formulations of purified glycinin should be less than 3.0% and 6.0% in the larval and juvenile common carp, respectively.

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