Abstract: Based on soil moisture distribution under sprinkler irrigation,the root growth and distribution of winter wheat under different irrigation conditions were studied.The results show that sprinkling irrigation is more useful for the plant's growing and can also increase the efficient utilization of water.Under sprinkling irrigation,the root of the plant concentrates on the upper soil and tends to move up.Both of jointing stage and ripening stage, the maximum of root length density apprears on the 20 cm layer and root length density decreases with the increases of the depth under 20 cm.The root's death rate is different under different water treatments.The death of the root is mainly occured on the surface of soil.When analyzing the root dry mass of different layers of the three treatments in jointing and ripening stages,the difference isn't significant.