稻田蜘蛛和害虫的生态位研究

    Study on the ecological niches of spiders and target pests in rice field

    • 摘要: 对主要蛛虫的时间生态位、空问生态位及时间-空间二维生态位的研究发现,蜘蛛的生态位宽度值随害虫生态位宽度值的增减而增减,蜘蛛对目标害虫具有跟随现象.晚稻田的蛛虫生态位宽度值及蛛虫生态位重叠指数值一般大于早稻田的蛛虫生态位宽度值和生态位重叠指数值.在水稻的不同发育期,蜘蛛的生态位宽度值及蜘蛛间的生态位重叠指数值的大小均有更替现象.并对这种跟随现象和更替现象作出了初步解释.

       

      Abstract: The niches of the dominant species of spiders and their target pests including rice plant hoppers and leafhoppers were studied. The results indicated that the increase or decrease in the value of niche breadth of spiders followed those of the pests. It was showed that there was a close relationship between the spiders and their preys. The indices of niche breadth and niche overlap of spiders in the late rice fields were larger than those of the spiders in the early rice fields. A phenomenon of alternation was found in the indices of niche breadth and niche overlap among the spiders in the different development periods of rice. An explanation to alterative phenomenon and followed phenomenon was discussed in the paper as well.

       

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