The influence of maternal effects on growth traits of Landrace pigs
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摘要:
本文旨在研究母体效应对长白猪生长性状遗传参数和育种值估计的影响。以温氏长白种猪W51为研究对象，选取初生重、达到30 kg体重日龄和达到100 kg体重日龄3个与生长性能相关的数量性状，利用包含和不包含母体效应的2种数学模型进行遗传参数和育种值估计。结果表明使用包含母体效应的模型对生长性状的解释更加合理。当模型中不包含母体效应时，遗传力的估计值明显偏高，育种值估计偏离也较大。随着猪只日龄的增加，母体效应方差所占比重逐渐下降，而直接加性遗传方差的比重逐渐上升，说明母体效应对猪生长后期的影响在逐渐变小。在建立动物生长性状模型时，需要考虑母体效应对遗传参数和育种值估计的影响。
Abstract:This paper was aimed to study the influence of maternal effect on estimation of genetic parameters and breeding values for growth traits in Landrace pigs. Landrace W51-line pigs were used as materials. Three quantitative traits related with growth performances, birth weight, age to reach 30 and 100 kg were chosen. Two models including or ignoring maternal effect were used to estimate genetic parameters and breeding values. Results showed that the model including maternal effect was more reasonable to explain the growth traits. Heritability estimates were inflated obviously and estimated breeding values were deviated more seriously using the model ignoring maternal effect. With increasing ages, the proportion of maternal variances gradually decreased but directive additive genetic variances increased, indicating that the influence of maternal effect became smaller in the later growth stage of pigs. It is necessary to consider the influence of maternal effects on estimating genetic parameters and breeding values for building animal growth trait models.
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Keywords:
- Landrace /
- maternal effect /
- growth trait /
- genetic parameter
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表 1 长白猪3个数量性状的描述性统计结果
性状 测定样本/头 平均值 标准差 最小值 最大值 初生重/kg 47 721 1.60 0.29 0.50 2.70 达到30 kg体重日龄/d 44 924 74.69 7.62 35.96 118.38 达到100 kg体重日龄/d 33 587 156.08 11.41 119.55 207.65 
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表 2 2种动物模型对长白猪3个生长性状的遗传参数估计结果1)
参数2) 初生重 达到30 kg体重日龄 达到100 kg体重日龄 模型1 模型2 模型1 模型2 模型1 模型2 σa2 0.036±0.001 0.007±0.001 18.809±0.792 8.355±0.761 34.742±1.694 21.877±1.836 σm2 — 0.028±0.001 — 8.300±0.456 — 7.258±0.710 σe2 0.044±0.001 0.051±0.001 34.370±0.494 37.392±0.476 61.432±1.057 65.744±1.094 σp2 0.080 0.086 53.179 54.047 96.174 94.879 ha2 0.447 0.084 0.354 0.155 0.361 0.231 hm2 — 0.324 — 0.154 — 0.076 D_AIC 93 652.3 86 501.9 65 002.9 1)模型1是简单(不包含母体效应)动物模型, 模型2是包含母体效应的动物模型; 2)σa2、σm2、σe2、σp2分别为直接加性遗传方差、母体效应方差、随机剩余值方差和方差总和，ha2、hm2分别表示狭义遗传力和母体遗传力，D_AIC为似然函数差值
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