Abstract: Investigating the fungal diseases of famous Chinese medical plant(Amomum vil-losum Lour.),we have fouud five kinds of diseases in Yang-Chun and Feng-kai Counties etc.,Guangdong Province.They are the seedling anthracnose caused by Colletotrichum zingiberls(Sundar.)Butler et Bisby.,the leaf anthracnose of adult plant by Colletotrichum gloeosporioides Penz.:the fruit rot caused by Rhizoctonia tolani Kuhn.,and another fruit rot by Fusarium sp..The most important desease it the leaf spot which causes serious damage and great loss in production of Amomum vilosum.According to its morphology,cultural characteristics and artificial inoculation,the pathogen of the leaf spot is considered to be a new genus(Gona-topyricularia Z.D.Jiang et P.K.Chi gen.nov.),the type species is G.amomi Z.D.Jiang et P.K.Chi sp.nov..Latin and Chinese diagnoses with reference to morphological photographs are given for the genus and the type species.