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    EAME改性纤维素膜包覆炭基肥缓释机理研究

    Study on slow release mechanism of carbon-based fertilizer coated with cellulose membrane modified by EAME

      摘要
    • 摘要:
      目的 探究改性纤维素膜对炭基肥养分释放特性的影响，为构建合理的包膜型缓释肥提供科学依据。
      方法 以微晶纤维素为前驱体，利用反式−9, 10−环氧十八烷酸甲酯(Trans-9, 10-epoxyoctadecanoic acid methyl ester，EAME)在不同浓度及温度参数下制备的改性纤维素薄膜制备炭−膜双控尿素肥，即ECBIUF(Trans-9, 10-epoxyoctadecanoic acid methyl ester cellulose membrane-coated biochar-based infiltrated urea fertilizer)。通过淋溶试验获取尿素释放特性曲线，利用接触角测试、傅里叶变换红外光谱、X射线衍射以及扫描电镜等对释放前后包膜进行表征，构建释放动力学模型。
      结果 与未改性炭基肥(Biochar-based infiltrated urea fertilizer，BIUF)相比，EAME改性纤维素膜有效减缓尿素释放，前2次养分淋出率由BIUF的53.29%降至22.62%，降幅为58%；淋溶次数由12上升为24，增幅达100%。ECBIUF缓释性能随改性溶液浓度的升高而增强，前2次养分淋出率由42.42%降至22.62%；而随着改性温度的升高，ECBIUF缓释性能略有下降，前2次养分淋出率由22.62%上升至24.31%。动力学分析表明，ECBIUF养分释放存在3个阶段，分别是表层结晶尿素快速释放阶段、生物炭孔隙中物理吸附尿素减速释放阶段以及与生物炭化学结合态尿素缓慢释放阶段。
      结论 EAME改性纤维素膜因—OH等基团对尿素的分子作用力及长烃链的疏水作用可增强炭基肥缓释性能，有助于提高肥料养分有效性，为制备包膜型缓释肥提供新途径。

       

      Abstract:
      Objective  To investigate the impact of modified cellulose membrane on the nutrient release properties of biochar-based fertilizers, and provide a theoretical foundation for constructing rational coated slow-release fertilizers.
      Method ECBIUF (Trans-9, 10-epoxyoctadecanoic acid methyl ester cellulose membrane-coated biochar-based infiltrated urea fertilizer) was prepared using microcrystalline cellulose as a precursor and trans-9, 10-epoxyoctadecanoic acid methyl ester (EAME) under varying concentrations and temperatures to fabricate modified cellulose membrane. Leaching experiments were conducted to obtain urea release profile curves. The coating layers before and after release were characterized via contact angle measurements, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, and scanning electron microscope, to establish the release kinetic model.
      Result Compared to unmodified biochar-based urea fertilizer (BIUF), the EAME-modified cellulose membrane effectively delayed urea release. The cumulative nutrient leaching rate after the first two leaching cycles decreased from 53.29% (BIUF) to 22.62%, marking a 58% reduction. The total leaching cycles required for full nutrient release increased from 12 to 24, achieving a 100% extension. Enhanced slow-release performance was observed with higher EAME modification concentrations, reducing the initial two-cycle leaching rate from 42.42% to 22.62%. Conversely, elevated modification temperatures slightly weakened this effect, increasing the leaching rate from 22.62% to 24.31%. Kinetic analysis identified three distinct nutrient release phases: Rapid release of surface-crystallized urea, decelerated release of urea physically adsorbed in biochar pores, and prolonged slow-release of urea chemically bound to biochar.
      Conclusion EAME-modified cellulose membranes enhance the slow-release performance of biochar-based fertilizers through molecular interactions (e.g., hydrogen bonding via hydroxyl groups) and hydrophobic effects from long hydrocarbon chains. This dual mechanism improves fertilizer utilization efficiency and offers a novel approach for developing coated slow-release fertilizers.

       

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