生物炭和铁改性生物炭对赤红壤酸缓冲性和有机碳组分的影响

    Effects of biochar and Fe-modified biochar on acid buffering capacity and organic carbon fractions of lateritic red soil

    • 摘要:
      目的 赤红壤是我国华南地区广泛分布的酸性土壤类型,持续酸化影响其土壤理化性质和生物特征,不利于土壤功能的维持和有机碳的积累与储存。生物炭添加是一种潜在有效的酸化土壤修复措施,本研究旨在探究生物炭和铁改性生物炭对赤红壤酸缓冲性和有机碳组分的影响,以期为酸性土壤改良和土壤固碳增汇提供科学依据。
      方法 以赤红壤为对象,添加不同温度(300、450和600 ℃)制备的水稻秸秆生物炭和铁改性水稻秸秆生物炭,通过测定土壤pH、酸缓冲容量、总有机碳含量、团聚体有机碳含量以及溶解性有机碳含量等指标,分析生物炭添加对土壤酸缓冲性和有机碳组分的影响。
      结果 相比于对照,600 ℃制备的铁改性生物炭显著提升土壤pH 14.7%和总有机碳含量160.5%,而450 ℃制备的铁改性生物炭则将酸缓冲容量提高11.6%。制备温度和生物炭铁改性处理不同程度地提升不同粒径土壤团聚体有机碳含量,其中对0.054~0.250 mm团聚体土壤有机碳含量的提升比例(178.88%)最高。铁改性处理趋于降低土壤溶解性有机碳中的胺类物质、疏水性碳和芳香族有机物等组分含量和芳构化程度
      结论 生物炭的添加能够显著提升赤红壤的酸缓冲能力和碳储存能力,但提升效果受生物炭制备温度和改性处理影响。

       

      Abstract:
      Objective Lateritic red soil is a kind of acidic soil that covers a considerable proportion of the land in south China. Continuous soil acidification affects its physical and chemical property as well as biological characteristic, which is adverse to the maintenance of soil function as well as the accumulation and storage of soil organic carbon. Biochar addition could potentially remedy the acidified soils effectively. This study was aimed to explore the impacts of biochar and Fe-modified biochar on the acid buffering capacity and organic carbon fractions of lateritic red soil, in order to provide a scientific basis for acid soil improvement and soil carbon sequestration and enhancement.
      Method This study focused on lateritic red soil as the research subject, with the addition of rice straw biochar and Fe-modified rice straw biochar prepared at different temperatures (300, 450, and 600 ℃). By measuring indicators such as soil pH, acid buffering capacity, total organic carbon content, aggregate organic carbon content, and dissolved organic carbon content, the effects of biochar addition on soil acid buffering capacity and organic carbon components were analyzed.
      Result Relative to the control group , the addition of Fe-modified biochar prepared at 600 ℃ significantly increased soil pH by 14.7% and total organic carbon content by 160.5%, while that at 450 ℃ resulted in an increase in acid buffering capacity of 11.6%. Temperature and Fe-modification treatments enhanced the organic carbon contents of soil aggregates with different particle sizes in different degrees, with the greatest increase of 207.11% observed in the 0.054−0.250 mm soil aggregate. Fe-modification tended to reduce amines, hydrophobic carbon, aromatic organic matter contents, and the degree of aromaticity of soildissolved organic carbon.
      Conclusion Biochar addition can significantly improve lateritic soil acid buffering and carbon sequestration capacity. However, these improvement effects are influenced by biochar preparation temperature and modification treatment.

       

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