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    稻蛙生态种养模式碳足迹评价

    Carbon footprint assessment of rice-frog coculture system

      摘要
    • 摘要:
      目的 开展稻蛙生态种养模式碳足迹系统性研究，为该模式的可持续发展提供科学依据和优化建议。
      方法 采用生命周期评价法，对常规水稻种植 (Traditional rice monoculture, TR ) 、绿色稻蛙种养(Green rice-frog coculture, GF) 和有机稻蛙种养 (Organic rice-frog coculture, OF)模式进行碳足迹评价。
      结果 GF和OF的单位面积碳足迹分别为5985.20和5632.99 kg CO2e·hm−2，相比TR分别降低5.98%和11.51%，单位利润碳足迹分别下降45.10%和45.87%，单位营养密度碳足迹分别下降14.63%和12.17%。GF和OF净生态系统经济效益提高了50%以上，其中GF的高达71.77%。与TR相比，GF的产量差异不显著，OF的产量降低了16.73%；GF和OF的CH4排放分别增加了58.13%和131.18%，N2O排放分别降低了41.06%和63.12%；GF和OF具有更高的全球增温潜势和温室气体排放强度，其中，OF的影响更为显著。GF和OF中，有机物料如紫云英、菜籽饼和有机肥的投入表现为净碳固定效应。碳足迹构成和敏感性分析显示，TR的碳足迹构成中温室气体排放(57.07%)和化肥施用(32.88%)占比较高；OF的碳排放和固定均高于GF，CH4排放和尼龙防护网使用对GF和OF的贡献最大。不确定性分析表明，GF和OF的单位面积碳足迹分别为5907.29和5647.25 kg CO2e·hm−2，低于TR，变异系数小于7.5%。
      结论 稻蛙共作模式(GF和OF)相较于TR模式具有更低的碳足迹以及更突出的碳固定效应和环境友好等特点，为气候变化背景下我国水稻产业的绿色低碳发展提供了新的科学依据。

       

      Abstract:
      Objective The carbon footprint of rice-frog ecological breeding model was systematically studied in order to provide scientific basis and optimization suggestions for the sustainable development of this model.
      Method The carbon footprints of traditional rice monoculture (TR), green rice-frog coculture (GF) and organic rice-frog coculture (OF) modes were evaluated by life cycle assessment.
      Result The carbon footprints per unit area of GF and OF were 5985.20 and 5632.99 kg CO2e·hm−2, which reduced by 5.98% and 11.51% compared with TR, the carbon footprints per unit profit decreased by 45.10% and 45.87%, and the carbon footprints per unit nutrient density decreased by 14.63% and 12.17%, respectively. GF and OF increased the net ecosystem economic benefits by above 50%, with 71.77% in GF. Compared with TR, the production of GF had no significant difference, while that of OF decreased by 16.73%. The CH4 emission of GF and OF increased by 58.13% and 131.18%, and the N2O emission decreased by 41.06% and 63.12% respectively. GF and OF had higher global warming potential and greenhouse gas emission intensity, among which the effect of OF was more significant. In GF and OF, the input of organic materials such as milk vetch, rapeseed cake and organic fertilizer showed net carbon fixation effect. The carbon footprint composition and sensitivity analysis showed that greenhouse gas emission (57.07%) and fertilizer application (32.88%) accounted for the highest carbon footprint composition of TR. The carbon emission and fixation of OF were higher than those of GF, and the CH4 emission and use of nylon protective net contributed the most to GF and OF. Uncertainty analysis showed that the carbon footprints per unit area of GF and OF were 5907.29 and 5647.25 kg CO2e·hm−2, respectively, which was lower than that of TR, and the coefficient of variation was less than 7.5%.
      Conclusion The rice-frog coculture modes (GF and OF) show a more significant carbon fixation and environment friendliness than TR mode, which provides a new scientific basis for green and low carbon development of rice industry in our country under the background of climate change.

       

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