Abstract: The unregulated use of antimicrobial drugs and the evolution of bacterial selective pressure have led to an increasing number of drug-resistant pathogenic bacteria, which is a serious threat to livestock and poultry breeding as well as public health safety. With the development of nanotechnology, nano-drug delivery systems have shown a series of advantages in delivering antimicrobial drugs, such as improving the bioavailability of drugs, reducing the toxic side effects, and lowering the cost of drug use, which provide the new technologies and strategies for overcoming bacterial drug resistance. In this paper, we reviewed the progress of six nano-drug delivery system types of nanoemulsion, liposome, solid lipid nanoparticle, nano micelle, metal nanoparticle and nano gel in the prevention and control of drug-resistant pathogens, starting from the hazards of drug-resistant pathogens and the current status of their prevention and control in livestock and poultry. We expect to provide a reference for nano-drug delivery system application in the prevention and control of drug-resistant pathogen in livestock and poultry, and help the green and sustainable development of animal husbandry industry.