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    洋葱伯克氏菌GD1−1的分离鉴定及对香蕉枯萎病的生防潜力

    Isolation and identification of Burkholderia contaminans strain GD1−1 and its bio-control potential against Fusarium wilt of banana

      摘要
    • 摘要:
      目的 从香蕉根际土壤中筛选出对香蕉枯萎病具有良好防治效果的生防菌。
      方法 采用对峙培养法，从健康香蕉根际土壤中筛选对尖孢镰刀菌古巴专化型热带4号小种(Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense tropical race 4，Foc TR4)具有拮抗作用的生防菌株，根据菌落形态和生理生化特征并利用分子生物学技术对生防菌株进行鉴定。通过显微观察分析该菌株对Foc TR4菌丝生长和分生孢子萌发的影响，通过对峙培养法分析其抑菌谱，通过盆栽试验分析该菌株对香蕉枯萎病的防治效果和促生潜力。
      结果 筛选出了1株对Foc TR4具有显著抑制作用的拮抗菌GD1−1，鉴定为洋葱伯克霍尔德菌Burkholderia contaminans。菌株GD1−1对Foc TR4菌丝生长的抑制率为72.5%，对分生孢子萌发的抑制率为99.8%，并可以导致Foc TR4菌丝膨大变粗、畸形等。菌株GD1−1具有解钾、解磷、产蛋白酶和产铁载体的能力，对10种植物病原真菌均具有较好的抑制效果，表现出广谱抑菌作用。盆栽试验结果表明，菌株GD1−1对香蕉枯萎病的防效为55.6%，且对香蕉植株具有良好的促生作用。
      结论 洋葱伯克氏菌GD1−1对Foc TR4具有明显的抑制作用，对香蕉枯萎病具有良好的防治效果，对香蕉植株具有促生作用。作为优质的生防菌源，菌株GD1−1具有一定的开发应用潜力。

       

      Abstract:
      Objective To isolate and screen antagonistic bacteria Fusarium wilt disease from healthy banana rhizosphere soil against.
      Methods The bacterial strain antagonizing Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense tropical race 4 (Foc TR4) was screened from banana rhizosphere soil using the plate confrontational culture method. The antagonistic strain was identified by colony morphology, physiological and biochemical characteristics, and phylogenetic analysis of multiple genes including 16S rDNA, GyrB, AtpD and GltB. The effect of this strain on Foc TR4 hyphae growth and spore germination was analyzed by microscopic observation, the antifungi spectrum was determined by the plate confrontation culture method, the biological control and growth-promoting efficiency were tested by banana plant inoculation assay in greenhouse.
      Result An antagonistic strain of GD1−1 was screened with the inhibition rate of 72.5% on Foc TR4 hyphal growth and the inhibition rate of 99.8% on Foc TR4 spore germination, which was identified as Burkholderia contaminans. The strain GD1−1 could cause hyphal distortion, enlargement and malformation of Foc TR4 under microscope observation. The strain GD1−1 possessed the broad-spectrum antibacterial activity with a good inhibitory effect on the selected ten phytopathogenic fungi. The results of pot inoculation experiment showed that the strain GD1−1 successfully promoted the growth of banana seedlings and suppressed the incidence of banana Fusarium wilt with the biocontrol efficacy of 55.6%.
      Conclusion The strain GD1−1 has the significant inhibitory effect on Foc TR4 with a good control effect on banana wilt disease, and promotes the growth of banana plant. As a high-quality source of biocontrol bacteria, strain GD1−1 has certain potential for development and application.

       

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