施胶量对水稻生物质育秧盘理化性能的影响

    Effect of adhesive application amount on the physical and chemical properties of rice biomass seedling raising trays

    • 摘要:
      目的 研究胶粘剂在生物质育秧盘成型过程中的作用,探究不同施胶量对水稻育秧盘理化性能的影响。
      方法 将秸秆和牛粪按6∶4的质量比发酵,将其产物作为可降解生物基质,配以自制弱酸性、粘结强度高且耐水性好的改性淀粉胶粘剂,同时加入营养元素混合搅拌,在2~3 MPa压力下低压成型,保压5~7 min后进行干燥定型,得到水稻生物质育秧盘;采用单因素方差分析法,分析不同施胶量对育秧盘生物降解率、体积膨胀率、含水率以及剪切强度的影响。
      结果 确定最佳施胶量(w)为秧盘总质量的21%,此时所制得秧盘的生物降解率为82%,剪切强度为0.07 MPa,含水率(w)为12.5%,体积膨胀率为56%。与市售育秧盘相比,所制备的水稻生物质育秧盘施胶量降低,抗水性能提高,成型压力低、温度低、时间短,可生物降解,满足水稻育秧盘的要求。
      结论 研究结果可为生物质育秧盘的工业化生产提供技术支持,为秸秆和牛粪的高附加值利用提供新途径,促进水稻秧苗的优质生产。

       

      Abstract:
      Objective To study the effect of adhesive in the forming process of biomass seedling tray and explore the effect of different applied amounts of adhesive on the physical and chemical properties of rice seedling tray.
      Method Straw and cow dung were fermented at a mass ratio of 6∶4, and the products were used as biodegradable biological substrates. The self-synthesized modified starch adhesive, characterized by its weak acidity, high adhesive strength, and excellent water resistance, was incorporated into the formulation. Concurrently, nutritional elements were introduced and thoroughly mixed. Then, the rice seedling tray was fabricated through low-pressure molding at a pressure of 2−3 MPa, followed by dryness finalization after maintaining the pressure for 5−7 min. One-way ANOVA was used to analyze the effects of different applied adhesive amounts on the biodegradation rate, volume expansion rate, moisture content and shear strength of seedling raising tray.
      Result The optimal applied amount of adhesive was 21% (w) of the total mass of the seedling raising tray, and the resulting seedling raising tray had the biodegradation rate of 82%, the shear strength of 0.07 MPa, the moisture content (w) of 12.5% and the volume expansion rate of 56%. Compared to commercially available seedling trays, the prepared rice seedling trays reduced the amount of adhesive used, improved water resistance, reduced molding pressure and temperature, shortened molding time, and were biodegradable, meeting the requirements for rice seedling trays.
      Conclusion This result provides the technical support for the industrial production of biomass seedling raising trays, offers a new avenue for the high-value utilization of straw and cow dung, and promoes the quality production of seedlings.

       

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