胡译然, 杜林森, 李奎, 等. 不同放养密度稻虾综合种养模式的水质评估及经济效益评价[J]. 华南农业大学学报, 2024, 45(0): 1-11. DOI: 10.7671/j.issn.1001-411X.202403024
    引用本文: 胡译然, 杜林森, 李奎, 等. 不同放养密度稻虾综合种养模式的水质评估及经济效益评价[J]. 华南农业大学学报, 2024, 45(0): 1-11. DOI: 10.7671/j.issn.1001-411X.202403024
    HU Yiran, DU Linsen, LI Kui, et al. Water quality assessment and economic benefit evaluation of integrated rice-red crayfish cultivation system under different stocking densities[J]. Journal of South China Agricultural University, 2024, 45(0): 1-11. DOI: 10.7671/j.issn.1001-411X.202403024
    Citation: HU Yiran, DU Linsen, LI Kui, et al. Water quality assessment and economic benefit evaluation of integrated rice-red crayfish cultivation system under different stocking densities[J]. Journal of South China Agricultural University, 2024, 45(0): 1-11. DOI: 10.7671/j.issn.1001-411X.202403024

    不同放养密度稻虾综合种养模式的水质评估及经济效益评价

    Water quality assessment and economic benefit evaluation of integrated rice-red crayfish cultivation system under different stocking densities

    • 摘要:
      目的 比较不同放养密度下稻虾综合种养模式与传统水稻单作模式的水环境质量及经济效益,探索洞庭湖区稻虾种养的科学模式。
      方法 采用小区试验的方法,共设置3个处理——放养密度为300 kg·hm−2的低密度稻虾处理、放养密度为375 kg·hm−2的高密度稻虾处理和水稻单作处理。分别在水稻不同生长时期进行水样采集和理化性质分析,采用综合水质指数(Water quality index,WQI)评价法对3种模式进行水体质量评价,同时比较不同模式的经济效益。
      结果 溶解性总固体、pH、NH4+-N、化学需氧量和溶解氧这5项水体理化指标共同构成了本试验田间水质变化的主要影响因素。相较于低密度稻虾,高密度稻虾模式下水体总氮上升10.5%、总磷含量上升3.6%、化学需氧量含量上升26.2%。在水稻成熟期,低密度稻虾模式下WQI达到0.72,显著高于高密度稻虾,结果显示,降低养殖密度会减少水稻成熟期外排水的生态风险。成本和收益计算结果显示,稻虾综合种养模式的经济效益较水稻单作模式提升了7~10倍,且RCL的经济效益较RCH提升了1.47倍。
      结论 在稻虾综合种养模式中选择合适的养殖密度,可有效降低农业面源污染、提高稻田经济效益和环境效益,具有较好的推广潜力。以上研究结果可为洞庭湖区农业面源污染防治措施制定提供数据支撑。

       

      Abstract:
      Objective To compare the water environment quality and economic benefits of rice-red crayfish integrated cultivation model under different stocking densities and traditional rice monocropping model, and explore the scientific model of rice-red crayfish cultivation in Dongting Lake area.
      Method Using the method of plot experiment, three treatments were set up: Low density rice-red crayfish treatment with stocking density of 300 kg·hm−2, high density rice-red crayfish treatment with stocking density of 375 kg·hm−2 and rice monocropping treatment. Water samples were collected and physicochemical properties were analyzed at different growth stages of rice. Comprehensive water quality index (WQI) was used to evaluate the water quality of three models, and the economic benefits of different models were compared.
      Result Total dissolved solids, pH, NH4+-N, chemical oxygen demand, and dissolved oxygen were the primary five factors affecting water quality changes. Compared to low density rice-red cayfish, the high density rice-red cayfish model showed increases in total nitrogen content by 10.5%, total phosphorus content by 3.6%, and chemical oxygen demand by 26.2%. At the rice maturation stage, the WQI for the low density rice-red cayfish model reached 0.72, significantly higher than high density rice-red cayfish, indicating that lower stocking densities reduce ecological risks of discharging water during rice maturation. The cost and benefit calculations showed that the integrated rice-crayfish model’s economic benefits were 7-10 times higher than the rice monocropping model, and low density rice-red cayfish’s economic benefits were 1.47 times higher than high density rice-red cayfish model.
      Conclusion The suitable breeding density of rice and red crayfish can effectively reduce the pollution of agricultural non-point sources, significantly increase the economic and envrionment benefits of rice fields, and has a good popularization potential. These findings provide data support for formulating measures to prevent agricultural non-point source pollution in the Dongting Lake region.

       

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