Comprehensive evaluation of germplasm resources of 100 cherry tomatoes based on different evaluation methods
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摘要:目的
探究樱桃番茄Solanum lycopersicum var. cerasiforme种质资源在银川平原地区的适应性,评价适合银川平原地区新品种选育的优良樱桃番茄育种材料。
方法以收集到的100份樱桃番茄种质资源为研究对象,对其主要表型性状进行测定,利用多元统计法、灰色关联度分析法和DTOPSIS法3种不同的评价方法进行适应性综合评价。基于主成分计算出综合得分,灰色关联度法计算出加权关联度,DTPOSIS法计算出相对贴近度。
结果100份樱桃番茄的主要表型性状的变异系数在17.78%~306.46%之间,大部分性状间存在显著或极显著相关性。26个表型性状综合成了10个主成分,累计贡献率达71.901%。以3种评价方法对各种质进行排名,结果既有统一性,也有差异性,共有4份材料均排在前10名,分别是T55、T83、T42和T87,表明T55、T83、T42和T87是表现优良的种质,其中T55的表现最为优异。
结论T55是最适宜银川平原地区栽培的种质材料,可作为重要的育种基础材料;上述3种方法对樱桃番茄的评价结果略有不同,但无巨大差异,说明方法可行,有利于种质资源评价方面的研究。
Abstract:ObjectiveIn order to explore the adaptability of cherry tomato (Solanum lycopersicum var. cerasiforme) germplasm resources, and evaluate the excellent cherry tomato breeding materials suitable for new varieties breeding in Yinchuan Plain area.
MethodTotally 100 cherry tomato germplasm resources were collected as research objects, and the main phenotypic traits were determined. The adaptability was comprehensively evaluated by three different evaluation methods, multivariate statistical method, grey correlation analysis method and DTOPSIS method. The comprehensive score was calculated based on the principal component, the weighted correlation degree was calculated by the grey correlation degree method, and the relative proximity degree was calculated by the DTPOSIS method.
ResultThe coefficient of variation of the main phenotypic traits of 100 cherry tomatoes ranged from 17.78% to 306.46%, and there were significant or extremely significant correlations among most of the traits. The 26 phenotypic traits were integrated into 10 principal components, with a cumulative contribution rate of 71.901%. The ranking of various qualities under the three evaluation methods showed both uniformity and difference. A total of four materials were ranked in the top 10, namely, T55, T83, T42 and T87 under all three methods, indicating that T55, T83, T42 and T87 were excellent germplasms, and T55 was the best.
ConclusionT55 is the most suitable germplasm material for cultivation in Yinchuan Plain, and can be used as an important basic material for breeding. The evaluation results of the above three methods are slightly different, but there is no huge difference, which shows that the methods are feasible and beneficial to the research of germplasm resource evaluation.
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表 1 樱桃番茄质量性状赋值标准
Table 1 Evaluation criteria for cherry tomato quality traits
性状
Trait1 2 3 4 5 生长势
Growth potential弱
Weak较弱
Weaker中
Intermediate较强
Stronger强
Strong叶片颜色
Leaf color黄绿
Yellowish green浅绿
Light green绿
Green深绿
Dark green叶片类型
Leaf type普通叶型
Common薯叶型
Potato leaves复宽叶型
Compound broad复细叶型
Compound fine叶片着生状态
Leaf state直立
Erect水平
Horizontal下垂
Pendant茎叶茸毛
Stem and leaf fluf无
Absent短稀
Short and thin短密
Short and dense长稀
Long and thin长密
Long and dense成熟前果色
Color before ripening绿白
Greenish white浅绿
Light green绿
Green深绿
Dark green成熟果色
Color of mature fruit黄
Yellow橘黄
Orange yellow粉
Pinkish red红
Red深红
Dark red果肩
Fruit shoulder无
Absent有
Present果顶形状
Fruit top shape深凹
Fovea微凹
Dimple圆平
Tactful微凸
Micro-convex凸尖
Convex萼片形状
Sepal shape平
Plane微翘
Slight warping微卷
Microvolume卷曲
Crimp花序类型
Inflorescence type单花
Uniflorous单式花序
Uniparous双歧花序
Diparous多歧
Multiparous表 2 100份樱桃番茄种质资源质量性状不同赋值标准的频率分布
Table 2 Frequency distribution of quality traits in 100 cherry tomato germplasm resources with different criteria
性状
Trait分布频率/% Distribution frequency 1 2 3 4 5 生长势
Growth potential6 23 33 38 叶片颜色
Leaf color1 2 25 72 叶片类型
Leaf type25 8 67 叶片着生状态
Leaf state9 17 74 茎叶茸毛
Stem and leaf fluf4 62 1 29 4 成熟前果色
Color before ripening31 47 17 5 成熟果色
Color of mature fruit5 11 3 77 4 果肩
Fruit shoulder50 50 果顶形状
Fruit top shape2 54 35 9 萼片形状
Sepal shape15 42 24 19 花序类型
Inflorescence type64 21 15 表 3 100份樱桃番茄种质资源数量性状变异分析
Table 3 Variation analysis of quantitative traits in 100 cherry tomato germplasm resources
性状
Trait最大值
Maximum最小值
Minimum极差
Range平均值
Mean标准差
Standard deviation变异系数/%
Coefficient of variation首花序节位
First inflorescence segment12.00 4.00 8.00 7.70 1.64 21.34 单花序果数
Fruit number per inflorescence68.33 3.67 64.67 11.60 8.84 76.18 叶片长/cm Leaf length 48.63 14.80 33.83 33.38 6.72 20.13 叶片宽/cm Leaf width 40.77 11.77 29.00 26.85 6.39 23.79 裂果率/% Fruit cracking rate 48.15 0.00 48.15 2.06 6.32 306.46 果梗洼大小/mm
Size of corky area around pedical scar9.64 1.38 8.26 4.12 1.78 43.06 果梗洼处木栓化大小/mm
Suberification size of pedicel scar5.18 0.48 4.70 2.04 0.98 48.00 果柄长度/mm Pedicel length 22.38 0.66 21.72 7.55 2.97 39.33 果实纵径/mm Fruit longitudinal diameter 65.05 14.52 50.53 36.33 8.43 23.21 果实横径/mm Fruit transverse diameter 48.91 13.72 35.19 26.47 6.14 23.20 单果质量/g Weight per fruit 37.33 1.46 35.87 16.74 7.54 45.04 硬度/(kg·cm−2) Hardness 4.89 1.01 3.88 3.04 0.81 26.56 可溶性固形物含量/% Soluble solids content 10.13 4.27 5.87 7.52 1.34 17.78 心室数 Number of locules 5.00 2.00 3.00 2.39 0.57 23.68 果肉厚/mm Flesh thickness 7.87 1.58 6.29 3.87 1.13 29.18 表 4 樱桃番茄种质15个数量性状的相关性分析1)
Table 4 Correlation analysis of 15 quantitative characters in cherry tomato germplasms
性状
Trait1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 1 1.000 2 0.377** 1.000 3 0.130 0.251* 1.000 4 −0.079 0.003 0.773** 1.000 5 −0.084 −0.090 0.055 0.098 1.000 6 −0.233 −0.222 0.101 0.247* −0.036 1.000 7 −0.210 −0.223 0.104 0.306* 0.025 0.935** 1.000 8 0.026 −0.027 −0.033 0.092 −0.048 0.266* 0.206 1.000 9 −0.108 −0.141 0.467** 0.492** 0.046 0.203 0.224 0.190 1.000 10 −0.062 −0.270* 0.335** 0.467** 0.197 0.560** 0.652** 0.043 0.371** 1.000 11 −0.016 −0.289* 0.394** 0.501** 0.172 0.452** 0.554** 0.101 0.496** 0.778** 1.000 12 0.010 0.039 −0.013 −0.155 0.117 −0.067 −0.118 −0.076 0.141 0.033 −0.053 1.000 13 0.144 0.483** 0.154 0.016 −0.076 −0.099 −0.174 0.035 −0.212 −0.288* −0.319** 0.042 1.000 14 0.327** −0.163 0.127 0.075 0.015 0.041 0.026 0.042 −0.110 0.188 0.193 0.037 −0.046 1.000 15 −0.107 −0.198 0.162 0.218 −0.003 0.326** 0.332** 0.141 0.338** 0.464** 0.603** −0.058 −0.341** 0.014 1.000 1) 1:首花序节位,2:单花序果数,3:叶片长,4:叶片宽,5:裂果率,6:果梗洼大小,7:果梗洼处木栓化大小,8:果柄长度,9:果实纵径,10:果实横径,11:单果质量,12:硬度,13:可溶性固形物含量,14:心室数,15:果肉厚;*和**分别表示在P<0.05和P<0.01水平上显著相关(Pearson法)。
1) 1: First inflorescence segment, 2: Fruit number per inflorescence, 3: Leaf length, 4: Leaf width, 5: Fruit cracking rate, 6: Size of corky area around pedical scar, 7: Suberification size of pedicel scar, 8: Pedicel length, 9: Fruit longitudinal diameter, 10: Fruit transverse diameter, 11: Weight per fruit, 12: Hardness, 13: Soluble solids content, 14: Number of locules, 15: Flesh thickness; * and ** indicate significant correlations at P<0.05 and P<0.01 levels respectively (Pearson method).表 5 表型性状的主成分分析
Table 5 Principal component analysis of phenotypic traits
性状
Trait主成分 Principal component 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 首花序节位 First inflorescence segment −0.060 0.013 0.191 −0.099 0.799 0.256 0.041 −0.036 −0.203 −0.108 单花序果数 Fruit number per inflorescence −0.252 0.225 0.311 −0.060 −0.019 0.551 −0.154 0.020 −0.192 −0.265 叶片长 Leaf length 0.043 0.861 0.183 −0.001 0.118 0.071 0.076 0.110 0.052 −0.115 叶片宽 Leaf width 0.225 0.901 0.051 −0.040 0.020 −0.020 −0.023 −0.019 0.024 0.078 裂果率 Fruit cracking rate −0.052 0.126 −0.015 0.557 0.003 −0.119 −0.092 0.295 0.024 0.464 果梗洼大小
Size of corky area around pedical scar0.923 −0.015 0.106 −0.016 −0.105 −0.029 −0.053 −0.079 0.062 0.066 果梗洼处木栓化大小
Suberification size of pedicel scar0.938 0.019 0.026 0.035 −0.078 −0.037 −0.102 −0.065 0.048 0.109 果柄长度 Pedicel length 0.128 0.083 0.190 0.044 0.139 −0.128 0.114 −0.766 0.130 0.107 果实纵径 Fruit longitudinal diameter 0.223 0.534 −0.111 0.085 −0.135 −0.168 0.494 −0.078 0.000 −0.188 果实横径 Fruit transverse diameter 0.794 0.281 −0.084 0.153 0.155 −0.117 −0.024 0.089 0.036 0.093 单果质量 Weight per fruit 0.684 0.385 −0.101 0.230 0.221 −0.194 0.099 0.055 0.145 0.059 硬度 Hardness 0.028 −0.154 0.116 −0.059 0.034 −0.540 0.414 0.419 −0.004 −0.066 可溶性固形物含量 Soluble solids content −0.306 −0.038 0.684 −0.133 −0.270 0.167 0.026 0.006 0.042 0.037 心室数 Number of locules 0.109 0.073 −0.084 −0.022 0.660 −0.189 −0.265 0.040 0.178 0.077 果肉厚 Flesh thickness 0.495 0.137 −0.135 0.251 0.264 0.012 0.253 0.046 0.408 −0.165 生长势 Growth potential 0.118 0.232 0.746 −0.038 0.352 0.097 0.063 −0.026 0.054 0.117 叶片颜色 Leaf color 0.092 0.173 0.316 0.087 0.089 −0.038 0.022 0.134 0.734 0.138 叶片类型 Leaf type 0.202 0.097 0.642 0.231 0.059 −0.339 −0.125 0.075 −0.028 −0.225 叶片着生状态 Leaf state −0.140 0.144 0.239 0.026 0.197 0.034 0.108 0.268 −0.546 0.125 茎叶茸毛 Stem and leaf fluf 0.065 0.137 −0.083 0.700 −0.145 0.004 −0.108 −0.158 0.292 −0.107 成熟前果色 Color before ripening 0.283 −0.254 0.063 0.717 0.015 −0.030 0.055 −0.120 −0.153 −0.028 成熟果色 Color of mature fruit 0.218 −0.088 0.003 −0.052 −0.020 0.017 0.044 −0.110 −0.003 0.829 果肩 Fruit shoulder 0.112 0.188 0.207 −0.075 0.132 0.063 0.144 0.628 0.107 0.031 果顶形状 Fruit top shape −0.186 0.000 0.144 −0.265 −0.099 0.048 0.773 0.037 0.007 0.088 萼片形状 Sepal shape 0.039 0.157 −0.368 0.231 −0.048 −0.020 0.514 0.026 −0.044 0.024 花序类型 Inflorescence type −0.081 −0.150 −0.015 −0.055 0.080 0.774 0.120 0.277 0.020 0.049 特征值 Eigen value 4.847 2.857 1.969 1.592 1.522 1.425 1.246 1.117 1.064 1.056 贡献率/% Contribution rate 18.641 10.987 7.572 6.123 5.854 5.480 4.791 4.296 4.094 4.062 累计贡献率/% Cumulative contribution rate 18.641 29.628 37.200 43.323 49.177 54.656 59.447 63.744 67.838 71.901 表 6 前30名的樱桃番茄种质综合评价得分
Table 6 Comprehensive evaluation scores of top 30 cherry tomato germplasms
编号
NumberF 排名
Ranking编号
NumberF 排名
Ranking编号
NumberF 排名
RankingT18 2.112 1 T100 1.697 11 T32 1.581 21 T88 2.099 2 T92 1.679 12 T47 1.575 22 T91 1.987 3 T35 1.674 13 T48 1.565 23 T83 1.962 4 T63 1.663 14 T81 1.564 24 T89 1.900 5 T86 1.653 15 T77 1.562 25 T87 1.871 6 T43 1.646 16 T54 1.557 26 T42 1.777 7 T82 1.645 17 T52 1.554 27 T55 1.763 8 T23 1.632 18 T41 1.545 28 T90 1.725 9 T66 1.624 19 T1 1.541 29 T24 1.722 10 T49 1.620 20 T11 1.527 30 表 7 前30名的樱桃番茄种质加权关联度排名
Table 7 Weighted correlation rankings of top 30 cherry tomato germplasms
编号
Number$ {\gamma }_{i}' $ 排名
Ranking编号
Number$ {\gamma }_{i}' $ 排名
Ranking编号
Number$ {\gamma }_{i}' $ 排名
RankingT1 0.716 1 T47 0.671 11 T52 0.649 21 T55 0.703 2 T88 0.670 12 T54 0.648 22 T100 0.702 3 T62 0.666 13 T43 0.648 23 T83 0.699 4 T41 0.665 14 T45 0.647 24 T42 0.688 5 T23 0.662 15 T61 0.647 25 T18 0.679 6 T86 0.660 16 T97 0.644 26 T91 0.677 7 T26 0.660 17 T44 0.644 27 T49 0.676 8 T48 0.659 18 T92 0.643 28 T87 0.675 9 T53 0.659 19 T59 0.643 29 T66 0.674 10 T90 0.658 20 T46 0.642 30 表 8 基于DTOPSIS法的前30名樱桃番茄种质排名
Table 8 Top 30 cherry tomato germplasms based on DTOPSIS method
编号
Number正理想距离
Positive
ideal
distance (S+)负理想距离
Negative
ideal
distance (S−)相对贴近度
Relative
closeness
(Ci)排名
Ranking编号
Number正理想距离
Positive
ideal
distance (S+)负理想距离
Negative
ideal
distance (S−)相对贴近度
Relative
closeness
(Ci)排名
RankingT55 0.078 0.174 0.692 1 T61 0.087 0.164 0.654 16 T1 0.081 0.178 0.688 2 T45 0.086 0.161 0.652 17 T42 0.081 0.172 0.680 3 T43 0.088 0.163 0.648 18 T47 0.082 0.170 0.675 4 T44 0.089 0.164 0.648 19 T66 0.082 0.170 0.675 5 T48 0.091 0.166 0.647 20 T87 0.082 0.169 0.673 6 T90 0.090 0.163 0.645 21 T88 0.080 0.163 0.672 7 T62 0.092 0.166 0.644 22 T100 0.085 0.172 0.669 8 T18 0.094 0.169 0.642 23 T83 0.087 0.170 0.662 9 T86 0.092 0.165 0.641 24 T49 0.088 0.171 0.661 10 T24 0.091 0.161 0.639 25 T53 0.086 0.167 0.661 11 T52 0.094 0.165 0.638 26 T46 0.084 0.162 0.660 12 T70 0.092 0.156 0.630 27 T54 0.082 0.160 0.660 13 T92 0.093 0.156 0.626 28 T41 0.085 0.165 0.659 14 T32 0.097 0.161 0.623 29 T91 0.088 0.168 0.658 15 T29 0.097 0.159 0.622 30 -
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