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航天诱变水稻雌性半不育突变体rs(s)的变异特性分析

赵华帅, 朱迪, 王永芬, 唐秀秀, 付澳秋, 卢家毅, 王慧, 刘永柱

赵华帅, 朱迪, 王永芬, 等. 航天诱变水稻雌性半不育突变体rs(s)的变异特性分析[J]. 华南农业大学学报, 2023, 44(6): 875-880. DOI: 10.7671/j.issn.1001-411X.202306069
引用本文: 赵华帅, 朱迪, 王永芬, 等. 航天诱变水稻雌性半不育突变体rs(s)的变异特性分析[J]. 华南农业大学学报, 2023, 44(6): 875-880. DOI: 10.7671/j.issn.1001-411X.202306069
ZHAO Huashuai, ZHU Di, WANG Yongfen, et al. Variation characteristics of female semi-sterile mutant rs(s) in rice induced by space flight[J]. Journal of South China Agricultural University, 2023, 44(6): 875-880. DOI: 10.7671/j.issn.1001-411X.202306069
Citation: ZHAO Huashuai, ZHU Di, WANG Yongfen, et al. Variation characteristics of female semi-sterile mutant rs(s) in rice induced by space flight[J]. Journal of South China Agricultural University, 2023, 44(6): 875-880. DOI: 10.7671/j.issn.1001-411X.202306069

航天诱变水稻雌性半不育突变体rs(s)的变异特性分析

基金项目: 广东省重点领域研发计划(2022B0202060006)
详细信息
    作者简介:

    赵华帅,硕士研究生,主要从事水稻遗传育种研究,E-mail: 1094412079@qq.com

    朱 迪,硕士研究生,主要从事水稻遗传育种研究,E-mail: zhudi_henan@163.com;†表示同等贡献

    通讯作者:

    刘永柱,副研究员,博士,主要从事水稻育种技术创新及应用研究,E-mail: lively@scau.edu.cn

  • 中图分类号: S511;S330

Variation characteristics of female semi-sterile mutant rs(s) in rice induced by space flight

  • 摘要:
    目的 

    揭示航天诱变水稻雌性半不育的变异特性。

    方法 

    以常规籼型水稻‘秋B’(野生型)航天搭载诱变获得的雌性半不育突变体rs(s)为研究对象,对其开展形态学、细胞学、生理学和遗传学研究。调查突变体与野生型及其正反交F1、F2群体结实率,对亲本的花粉和胚囊育性进行细胞学观察,测定突变体与野生型幼穗生长素(IAA)、细胞分裂素(TZR)、脱落酸(ABA)和赤霉素(GA3)的含量变化。

    结果 

    突变体rs(s)雄蕊发育正常但雌性半不育,该性状受隐性单基因调控;发育过程中子房干瘪瘦小,柱头伸长不明显,雌蕊在胚囊发育的有丝分裂阶段发生异常,导致胚囊败育;IAA含量在突变体幼穗分化第6阶段急剧增加。

    结论 

    突变体rs(s)是一个新的雌性半不育突变体,在有丝分裂阶段生长素含量急剧增加,可能抑制了雌蕊的生长发育,导致雌蕊发育畸形、雌性半不育。

    Abstract:
    Objective 

    To reveal the variation characteristics of female semi-sterility in rice induced by space flight.

    Method 

    The morphologic, cytological, physiological and genetic characteristics of a female semi-sterile mutant rs(s) obtained in conventional indica rice ‘Qiu B’ through space flight mutagenesis were studied. The setting rates of the mutant and its wild type, as well as their reciprocal cross F1 and F2 populations, were investigated. Cytological observations of pollen and embryo sac fertility of the mutant and the wild type were conducted. The content changes of auxin (IAA), cytokinin (TZR), abscisic acid (ABA) and gibberellin (GA3) in young ears of parents were determined.

    Result 

    The mutant rs(s) was female semi-sterile and it had normal stamen development, indicating the semi-sterility might be controlled by a single recessive gene. During the development, the ovary was shrift and thin, the elongation of the stigma was not obvious, and the pistil was abnormal in the mitotic stage of embryo sac development, which leaded to embryo sac abortion. The content of IAA increased sharply at the 6th stage of young panicle differentiation.

    Conclusion 

    The mutant rs(s) is a new female semi-sterile mutant. The auxin content is up-regulated in the mitotic stage, which may be the main cause of pistil development malformation and female semi-sterility.

  • 图  1   野生型(WT)与突变体rs(s)及其正反交F1和辅助授粉的结实率

    柱子上方的不同小写字母表示差异极显著(P < 0.01, Duncan’s法)

    Figure  1.   The setting rates of wild type (WT), mutant rs(s) as well as their reciprocal cross F1 and auxiliary pollination

    Different lowercase letters on the columns indicate very significant differences (P < 0.01, Duncan’s method)

    图  2   F2群体结实率分布直方图

    Figure  2.   Distribution histogram of setting rate of F2 population

    图  3   野生型(WT)与突变体rs(s)表型及花器官结构观察

    Figure  3.   Phenotype and floral organ observation of wild type (WT) and mutant rs(s)

    图  4   野生型(WT)与突变体rs(s)花粉碘染观察

    Figure  4.   Observation of iodine staining for wild type (WT) and mutant rs(s) pollens

    图  5   野生型(WT)与突变体rs(s)花粉粒离体萌发观察

    Figure  5.   Observation of in vitro germination for wild type (WT) and mutant rs(s) pollen grains

    图  6   突变体胚囊败育的主要类型

    Ec:卵细胞,Pn:极核,Ap:反足细胞

    Figure  6.   Main types of embryo sac abortion in mutant

    Ec: Egg cell, Pn: Polar nucleus, Ap: Antipodal cell

    图  7   野生型(WT)和突变体rs(s)的激素含量变化

    各小图中,柱子上方的不同小写字母表示差异极显著(P < 0.01,Duncan’s法)

    Figure  7.   Changes of hormone content in wild type (WT) and mutant rs(s)

    In each figure, different lowercase letters on the columns indicate very significant differences (P < 0.01, Duncan’s method)

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出版历程
  • 收稿日期:  2023-07-25
  • 网络出版日期:  2023-11-12
  • 发布日期:  2023-09-04
  • 刊出日期:  2023-11-09

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