畜禽舍末端水喷淋废气处理系统的颗粒物净化性能分析与优化

吕恩利; 颜彬; 王昱; 曾志雄; 王亮; 孙超; 黄涵

doi:10.7671/j.issn.1001-411X.202205014

畜禽舍末端水喷淋废气处理系统的颗粒物净化性能分析与优化

Removal performance and optimization of particulate matter from the waste gas treatment system using water scrubber in livestock and poultry houses

摘要

摘要:
目的畜禽养殖舍排出的大量颗粒物及吸附的臭气成分和微生物会对大气环境和周边人员的健康造成严重破坏，降低废气中颗粒物浓度是畜禽舍末端废气净化技术的核心目标之一。

方法针对畜禽养殖末端卧式水喷淋净化技术，通过自主搭建的卧式水喷淋系统颗粒物净化效率试验平台，设计正交试验方案，采用极差分析和方差分析方法，研究通风风速、喷嘴压力、喷嘴额定孔径及喷嘴雾化角度等关键调控参数对颗粒物(PM2.5和PM10)净化效率的影响规律，并运用参数优化模型获得针对不同粒径颗粒物的最优调控参数组合。

结果研究结果表明，影响PM2.5净化效果的主次顺序为喷嘴压力>通风风速>喷嘴额定孔径>喷嘴雾化角度；影响PM10净化效果的主次顺序为喷嘴压力>喷嘴额定孔径>喷嘴雾化角度>通风风速。通过优化求解，最优参数组合为通风风速为1.5 m/s、喷嘴压力为60 kPa、喷嘴额定孔径为11.1 mm、喷嘴雾化角度为120°。验证试验结果表明，最优参数组合的PM10净化效率为40.4%，PM2.5净化效率为41.1%。

结论研究结果可以为畜禽舍末端废气处理系统颗粒物净化设备的设计和运行参数调控提供参考。

Abstract:
Objective A large amount of particulate matter, absorbed odor components and microorganisms discharged from livestock and poultry houses will cause serious damage to the atmospheric environment and health of surrounding person. Reducing the concentration of particulate matter in emissions is one of the core objectives of the emission purification technology at the end of livestock and poultry houses.

Method This paper focused on the particulate matter removal performance of the horizontal water spray purification technology at the end of livestock and poultry houses. An orthogonal test scheme was designed and carried out on a self-built horizontal water spray system particle purification efficiency test platform. The range analysis and variance analysis methods were employed to analyze the influence of key control parameters such as ventilation air speed, nozzle pressure, nozzle rated orifice diameter and nozzle atomization angle on the purification efficiency of PM2.5 and PM10 particles, and the optimal control parameter combination for different particle size was obtained using a parameter optimization model.

Result The results showed that the order of the control parameters affecting PM2.5 purification efficiency was nozzle pressure>ventilation air speed>nozzle rated orifice diameter>nozzle atomization angle; And the order of the control parameters affecting PM10 purification efficiency was nozzle pressure>nozzle rated orifice diameter>nozzle atomization angle>ventilation air speed. According to the optimized solution, the optimal control parameter combination was that the ventilation speed was 1.5 m/s, the nozzle pressure was 60 kPa, the rated nozzle orifice diameter was 11.1 mm, and the nozzle atomization angle was 120°. The results of validation test showed that the purification efficiencies of PM10 and and PM2.5 of the optimal control parameter combination were 40.4% and 41.1% respectively.

Conclusion The findings can provide a reference for the design and operation parameter regulation of particulate matter purification equipment at the end of livestock and poultry houses.

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