Seed germination index of the product of kitchen waste biochemical equipment and its influencing factors
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摘要:目的
确定厨余生化机产物腐熟度及Na+、小分子有机酸与种子发芽指数(Seed germination index，GI)的关系，促进厨余生化机产物的资源化利用及推广，同时，开拓固碳于土壤达到碳中和目标的新技术途径。
方法利用萝卜Raphanus sativus种子测定厨余生化机产物的GI，并模拟不同浓度Na+、小分子有机酸溶液，分析其对GI的影响。
结果厨余生化机产物的GI为1.53%，不满足堆肥基本腐熟的标准(GI≥50%)，厨余生化机产物浸提液稀释10倍时，溶液中Na+质量浓度为75.25 mg/L，GI为43.73%。模拟试验结果显示，随着Na+浓度的升高，GI呈下降趋势，当Na+质量浓度为1200 mg/L时，GI为52.86%。随着小分子有机酸浓度的增加，GI呈下降趋势，当乙酸和乳酸质量浓度高于100 mg/L、丙酸和丁酸质量浓度高于50 mg/L时，GI小于50%。丙酸、丁酸对GI的影响强于乙酸、乳酸。
结论厨余生化机产物的GI未达到堆肥基本腐熟的标准，制约其未达标的主要影响因素是厨余垃圾降解产生的小分子有机酸，而非其含盐量。
Abstract:ObjectiveTo determine the relationships between maturity, Na+, small molecular organic acids of product of kitchen waste biochemical equipment and germination index (GI), promote the resource utilization and popularization of the product of kitchen waste biochemical equipment, and at the same time, exploit the new technological way of carbon neutrality through soil carbon sequestration.
MethodThe GI of product of kitchen waste biochemical equipment was determined using radish (Raphanus sativus) seeds, and the effects of Na+ and small molecular organic acid solutions on GI were analyzed by mimic experiments.
ResultThe GI of the kitchen waste biochemical equipment product was 1.53%, which did not reach the standard of basic maturity of compost (GI ≥ 50%). When the extract of kitchen waste biochemical equipment product was diluted for 10 times, the Na+ content in the solution was 75.25 mg/L, and the GI value was 43.73%. With the increase of sodium concentration, the GI value showed a downward trend. When the Na+ concentration was 1 200 mg/L, the GI value was 52.86%. With the increase of the concentration of small molecular organic acids, the GI value showed a downward trend. When the concentrations of acetic acid and lactic acid were higher than 100 mg/L, and while the concentrations of propionic acid and butyric acid were higher than 50 mg/L, the GI value was less than 50%. The inhibiting effect of propionic acid and butyric acid on GI was stronger than that of acetic acid and lactic acid.
ConclusionThe GI of product of kitchen waste biochemical equipment did not reach the maturity standard of composting, and the main restriction factor was the small molecular organic acids produced by the degradation of kitchen waste, rather than its salt content.
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图 1 不同浓度钠离子的种子发芽指数
柱子上方的不同小写字母表示差异显著(P<0.05，Duncan’s法)
Figure 1. Seed germination index(GI)of different concentrations of sodium ions
Different lowercase letters on the columns indicated significant differences (P<0.05, Duncan’s method)
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图 2 4种小分子有机酸不同浓度下的种子发芽指数
各图中，柱子上方的不同小写字母表示差异显著(P<0.05，Duncan’s法)
Figure 2. The seed germination index of four kinds of small molecular organic acids under different concentrations
In each figure, different lowercase letters on the columns indicated significant differences (P<0.05, Duncan’s method)
表 1 厨余生化机产物浸提液的种子发芽指数(GI)
Table 1 Seed germination index (GI) of extract of kitchen waste biochemical machine product
浸提液稀释倍数 Dilution times of extract ρ(Na+)/(mg·L−1) 电导率1)/(µS·cm−1) Electrical conductivity GI1)/% 0 752.44 5 800.00±200.00a 1.53±0.04d 5 150.49 1 300.00±50.00b 30.43±2.69c 10 75.25 697.67±68.07c 43.73±2.88b 50 15.05 161.33±17.21d 76.95±4.75a 1)表中数据为平均值±标准误，n=3；同列数据后的不同小写字母表示差异显著(P<0.05，Duncan’s法) 1) The data in the table were mean ± standard error, n=3; Different lowercase letters after the data in the same column indicated significant differences (P<0.05, Duncan’s method) 
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