Feeding preference and growth adaptability of Spodoptera frugiperda on different sugarcane varieties and Rottboellia cochinchinensis
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摘要:目的
明确草地贪夜蛾Spodoptera frugiperda对甘蔗和筒轴茅的取食偏好及生长适应性。
方法通过取食选择性试验和构建试验种群生命表，以2个糖蔗品种(‘桂糖42号’和‘台糖22号’)、2个果蔗品种(‘桂果蔗1号’和‘黄皮果蔗’)及蔗田常见杂草筒轴茅作为研究对象，研究草地贪夜蛾对不同品种甘蔗及筒轴茅的取食选择及生长适应性。
结果草地贪夜蛾各龄幼虫在糖蔗和果蔗间更趋向取食果蔗，其中在‘桂果蔗1号’上的取食选择率大多显著高于其他供试品种；在‘桂果蔗1号’和筒轴茅上选择取食时，对筒轴茅有显著的趋向性。草地贪夜蛾幼虫期存活率在筒轴茅上最高，为66%；其次为‘桂果蔗1号’，存活率为12%；在其余品种甘蔗上，低龄幼虫时就已全部死亡。草地贪夜蛾在筒轴茅上能够完成生活史，试验种群内禀增长率(rm)和周限增长率(λ)分别为1.16和1.52。
结论相对于甘蔗，草地贪夜蛾更嗜好取食筒轴茅，并且对筒轴茅有更强的适应性。
Abstract:ObjectiveTo clarify the feeding preference and growth adaptability of Spodoptera frugiperda on sugarcane and Rottboellia cochinchinensis.
MethodTwo sugarcane varieties (‘Guitang 42’ and ‘Taitang 22’) , two fruit cane varieties (‘Guiguozhe 1’ and ‘Yellow skin sugarcane’) , and a common weed of R. cochinchinensis in sugarcane field were selected as the research objects. Through the feeding preference experiment and constructing the life table of the experimental population, the feeding preference and growth adaptability of S. frugiperda on sugarcane and R. cochinchinensis were studied.
ResultThe larvae of different instars of S. frugiperda preferred to feed on fruit sugarcane when choosing between sugarcane and fruit sugarcane, and the feeding selection rate on ‘Guiguozhe 1’ was most significantly higher than those of other tested varieties. The larvae of S. frugiperda had a significant feeding tendency to R. cochinchinensis when choosing between ‘Guiguozhe 1’ and R. cochinchinensi. The larval survival rate of S. frugiperda on R. cochinchinensiswas the highest, which was 66%, followed by 12% on ‘Guiguozhe 1’. On other sugarcane varieties, S. frugiperda had died in the period of low instar. The life cycle of S. frugiperda could be completed on R. cochinchinensis, and the intrinsic rate of increase (rm) and finite rate of increase (λ) were 1.16 and 1.52, respectively.
ConclusionCompared with sugarcane, S. frugiperda preferes to feed on R. cochinchinensis and has higher adaptability.
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Keywords:
- Spodoptera frugiperda /
- Sugarcane /
- Rottboellia cochinchinensis /
- Feeding preference /
- Adaptability
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图 1 草地贪夜蛾不同虫龄幼虫对不同甘蔗品种的取食选择性
同一龄期不同小写字母表示差异显著(P < 0.05，Duncan’s 法)
Figure 1. Feeding preference of the different instar Spodoptera frugiperda larvae among different sugarcane varieties
Different lowercase letters of the same age indicate significant differences (P < 0.05，Duncan’s test)
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图 2 草地贪夜蛾不同虫龄幼虫对‘桂果蔗1号’和筒轴茅的取食选择性
同一龄期不同小写字母表示差异显著(P < 0.05，Duncan’s 法)
Figure 2. Feeding preference of the different instar Spodoptera frugiperda larvae between ‘Guiguozhe 1’ and Rottboellia cochinchinensis
Different lowercase letters of the same age indicate significant differences (P < 0.05，Duncan’s test)
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图 3 草地贪夜蛾在不同品种甘蔗和筒轴茅上的存活率
Figure 3. Survival rate of Spodoptera frugiperda on different sugarcane varieties and Rottboellia cochinchinensis
表 1 草地贪夜蛾在‘桂果蔗1号’和筒轴茅上的发育历期1)
Table 1 Developmental period of Spodoptera frugiperda on ‘Guiguozhe 1’ and Rottboellia cochinchinensis
d 植物
Plant1龄幼虫
1st instar2龄幼虫
2nd instar3龄幼虫
3rd instar4龄幼虫
4th instar5龄幼虫
5th instar6龄幼虫
6th instar幼虫期
Larval duration蛹期
Pupa桂果蔗1号
Guiguozhe 13.41±0.17a 2.64±0.27a 2.85±0.29a 2.82±0.29a 4.33±0.62a 4.67±0.88a 20.67±1.65a 18.67±1.33a 筒轴茅
R. cochinchinensis2.53±0.10b 2.68±0.08a 2.84±0.11a 2.89±0.17a 3.53±0.16a 4.30±0.18a 18.76±0.22a 9.52±0.27b 1)表中数据为平均数±标准误；同列数据后的不同字母表示差异显著(P < 0.05， t检验)
1)Data in the table are means ± standard errors; Different lowercase letters in the same column indicate significant differences (P < 0.05， t test)
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表 2 草地贪夜蛾在‘桂果蔗1号’和筒轴茅上的生物学参数1)
Table 2 Biological parameters ofSpodoptera frugiperdaon ‘Guiguozhe 1’ andRottboellia cochinchinensis
植物
Plant蛹质量/g
Weight of pupa雄虫寿命/d
Male longevity雌虫寿命/d
Female longevity平均单雌产卵量/粒
Fecundity per female桂果蔗1号 Guiguozhe 1 0.1130±0.011 5b 3.67±0.88b 筒轴茅 R. cochinchinensis 0.1647±0.002 9a 8.61±1.21a 8.56±0.65 497.83±50.23 1)表中数据为平均值±标准误；同列数据后的不同字母表示差异显著(P < 0.05，Fisher非参数检验)
1)Data in the table are means ± standard errors; Different lowercase letters in the same column indicate significant differences (P < 0.05，Fisher nonparametric test)
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