线虫对采煤矿区水环境和土壤环境质量评价的作用

    Effect of nematode on the evaluation of water and soil environment quality in coal mining area

    • 摘要:
      目的  评价淮北采煤矿区生态环境质量,为矿区生态环境变化监测提供理论依据。
      方法  采用秀丽隐杆线虫Caenorhabditis elegans在矿区水质中的生长发育状况及矿区土壤线虫群落结构的变化进行淮北采煤矿区生态环境质量的评价研究。
      结果  采煤矿区水环境使秀丽隐杆线虫寿命和成活率降低、体长变短、产卵数减少,同时诱导线虫生殖细胞凋亡,且煤矿开采时间越长,采样点距离矿井愈近,对线虫发育指标的抑制作用越显著。采煤矿区土壤环境使土壤线虫属的数目减少,植物寄生线虫的相对丰度增高,同时线虫香农多样性指数、瓦斯乐斯卡指数和自由生活线虫成熟度指数显著降低,植物寄生线虫成熟度指数显著提高,表明采煤矿区环境降低了土壤质量。煤矿开采时间越长、采样点距离矿井愈近,对土壤线虫群落结构的影响越大。
      结论  秀丽隐杆线虫生长发育指标对水环境的响应,以及土壤线虫群落结构对土壤环境的响应,很好地指示了淮北采煤矿区的水环境质量和土壤环境质量;因此,可以利用线虫对采煤矿区水环境和土壤环境质量进行评价。

       

      Abstract:
      Objective  To evaluate the ecological environment quality of coal mining area in Huaibei, and provide a scientific and theoretical basis for monitoring the ecological environment change in the mining area.
      Method  The growth and development condition of Caenorhabditis elegans in the water environment of the mining area and the change of soil nematode community structure were studied to evaluate the ecological environment quality.
      Result  The water environment in the coal mining area reduced the life span, the survival rate, the body length and the number of eggs laid by C. elegans, meanwhile induced the apoptosis of C. elegans germ cells. The longer the coal mining time was and the closer the sampling site was to the mine, the more significant the inhibitory effect on the nematode development indicators was. Soil environment in coal mining area decreased the number of nematode genera, increased the relative abundance of phytophagous. At the same time, the Shannon diversity index, Wasilewska index and free-living nematode maturity index significantly decreased, and the phytophagous maturation index significantly increased, indicating that the mining environment reduced the soil health status. The longer the coal mining time was and the closer the sampling site was to the mine, the greater the influence on the soil nematode community structure was.
      Conclusion  The responses of C. elegans growth and development index to water environment and soil nematode community structure to soil environment have well indicated the quality of water environment and soil environment in Huaibei coal mining area, therefore nematode can be used to evaluate the quality of water environment and soil environment of coal mining area.

       

    /

    返回文章
    返回