Effects of inoculating arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi on growth and phosphorus uptake of soybean under low phosphorus conditions
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摘要:目的
阐明不同磷(P)高效基因型大豆在不同生育期对接种丛枝菌根真菌的反应及其与P效率的关系，为接种丛枝菌根真菌提高作物P效率的研究提供理论依据。
方法以3个基因型大豆‘威廉姆斯82’‘粤春04-5’和‘巴西10号’为试验材料，设置接种和不接种丛枝菌根真菌2个处理，在开花期和结荚期采样，分析接种丛枝菌根真菌对大豆植株干质量、菌根侵染率、P营养状况、根系性状以及菌根诱导的P转运蛋白基因表达的影响。
结果不同基因型大豆在不同生育期对接种丛枝菌根真菌的菌根反应存在显著差异。与不接菌相比，接菌在开花期显著提高了3个菌根诱导表达的P转运蛋白基因GmPT8、GmPT9和GmPT10在3个基因型大豆根系中的表达，从而显著提高了3个基因型大豆根部的P浓度；接菌在结荚期显著提高了3个基因型大豆的根部干质量，以及‘巴西10号’的地上部干质量、P浓度和总P吸收量；此外，在开花期，不接菌的‘威廉姆斯82’和‘粤春04-5’的地上部干质量、总P吸收量、总根长和根表面积均显著高于‘巴西10号’，而接菌的‘巴西10号’的菌根生长反应和菌根P反应显著高于‘威廉姆斯82’和‘粤春04-5’。
结论‘威廉姆斯82’和‘粤春04-5’具有更高的P效率，而‘巴西10号’具有更高的菌根依赖性；大豆生育期的延长有利于菌根植物吸收的P转化为生物量，促进大豆与菌根真菌的有益共生。
Abstract:ObjectiveTo illuminate the response of different P-efficient soybean genotypes to arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi inoculation at different growth stages and the relationship with P efficiency, and provide a theoretical basis for research of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi inoculation improving crop P efficiency.
MethodThe experiments were conducted using three soybean genotypes of ‘Weilianmusi 82’ ‘Yuechun 04-5’ and ‘Baxi 10’ under mycorrhizal and non-mycorrhizal inoculation treatments at flowering and podding stages. The effects of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi inoculation on soybean plant dry weight, arbuscular mycorrhizal colonization rate, P nutrition status, root traits, and expression of arbuscular mycorrhizal inducible phosphate transporter genes were analyzed.
ResultThe mycorrhizal responses of different soybean genotypes to arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi inoculation were significantly different at different growth stages. Compared with non-mycorrhizal inoculation treatment, the inoculation treatment significantly improved the expression levels of three arbuscular mycorrhizal inducible P transporter genes of GmPT8, GmPT9 and GmPT10 in the roots of three soybean genotypes at flowering stage, which resulted in the significant increase of P concentrations in roots of these three soybean genotypes, and the inoculation treatment significantly improved the root dry weight of these three soybean genotypes, as well as shoot dry weight, P concentration and total P uptake amount of ‘Baxi 10’ at podding stage. At flowering stage, non-mycorrhizal ‘Weilianmusi 82’ and ‘Yuechun 04-5’ plants had significantly higher shoot dry weight, total P uptake, total root length and root surface area than ‘Baxi 10’, while mycorrhizal growth response and mycorrhizal P response of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi inoculated ‘Baxi 10’ were significantly higher than those of ‘Weilianmusi 82’ and ‘Yuechun 04-5’.
Conclusion‘Weilianmusi 82’ and ‘Yuechun 04-5’ have higher P efficiency, while ‘Baxi 10’ has higher mycorrhizal dependence. The prolonged growth period from flowering stage to podding stage promotes the transformation of acquired P by mycorrhizal plants into biomass, which further stimulates the beneficial symbiosis between soybean and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi.
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图 1 接种丛植菌根真菌时不同基因型大豆在不同生育期的菌根侵染率、菌根生长反应和菌根P反应
各小图柱子上方不同小写字母表示不同基因型大豆在不同生育期间差异显著(P<0.05，Duncan’s法)
Figure 1. Mycorrhizal colonization rate, mycorrhizal growth response and mycorrhizal phosphorus response of different soybean genotypes at different growth stages while inoculating arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi
Different lowercase letters on the columns in each figure indicate significant differences among different soybean genotypes at different growth stages (P<0.05, Duncan’s method)
表 1 不同生育期、接菌处理和基因型对大豆生理和分子指标影响的三因素方差分析
Table 1 Three-way ANOVA of the effects of different growth stages, inoculation treatments and genotypes on physiological and molecular indicators of soybean
指标 Indicator F1) S I G S×I S×G I×G S×I×G 地上部干质量 Shoot dry weight 538.68*** 1.24 14.91*** 5.10* 3.53* 0.12 0.64 根部干质量 Root dry weight 239.65*** 34.72*** 12.19*** 10.91** 8.81** 0.47 0.95 地上部P浓度 Shoot P concentration 43.56*** 10.56** 3.30* 0.04 0.38 0.30 0.21 根部P浓度 Root P concentration 0.24 15.56*** 2.57 9.78 0.43 0.38 0.67 总P吸收量 Total P uptake amount 70.84*** 25.10*** 3.36* 2.74 4.31* 2.31 0.32 总根长 Total root length 219.27*** 7.17* 11.40*** 2.59 2.92 0.33 2.65 根表面积 Root surface area 118.70*** 11.40** 0.45 1.35 11.55*** 0.34 1.23 根系体积 Root volume 52.18*** 11.38** 2.82 0.48 26.59*** 0.45 0.57 GmPT8表达量 Expression of GmPT8 0.49 36.72*** 2.67 1.12 0.02 1.08 0.10 GmPT9表达量 Expression of GmPT9 0.24 36.88*** 0.22 1.79 0.91 0.65 0.06 GmPT10表达量 Expression of GmPT10 0.17 4.82* 0.64 1.66 0.27 1.35 1.35 1) S：生育期，I：接菌处理，G：基因型，×：不同因素之间的交互作用；“*”：P<0.05，“**”：P<0.01，“***”：P<0.001
1) S: Stage, I: Inoculation, G: Genotype, ×: Interactions between different factors; “*”: P<0.05，“**”:P<0.01，“***”:P<0.001
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表 2 接菌处理对不同基因型大豆在不同生育期的地上部和根部干质量的影响1)
Table 2 Effects of inoculation treatments on plant shoot and root dry weight of different soybean genotypes at different growth stages
m/g 植株部位
Plant part生育期
Growth stage不接菌 No inoculation 接菌 Inoculation 威廉姆斯82
Weilianmusi 82粤春04-5
Yuechun 04-5巴西10号
Baxi 10威廉姆斯82
Weilianmusi 82粤春04-5
Yuechun 04-5巴西10号
Baxi 10地上部
ShootⅠ 1.87±0.19a 1.85±0.21a 1.20±0.06b 1.63±0.13ab 1.65±0.15ab 1.38±0.07b Ⅱ 3.53±0.03ab 3.22±0.01bc 2.96±0.19c 3.87±0.13a 3.23±0.05bc 3.37±0.11b 根部
RootⅠ 0.71±0.08a 0.60±0.04ab 0.47±0.03b 0.72±0.08a 0.75±0.60a 0.59±0.05ab Ⅱ 1.18±0.06b 0.88±0.06c 1.00±0.07bc 1.52±0.09a 1.13±0.02b 1.39±0.04a 1)Ⅰ：开花期，Ⅱ：结荚期；同行数据后不同小写字母表示相同生育期不同基因型大豆在不同接菌处理间差异显著(P<0.05，Duncan’s法)
1) Ⅰ: Flowering stage, Ⅱ: Podding stage; Different lowercase letters in the same line indicate significant differences between different inoculation treatments and among different soybean genotypes (P<0.05, Duncan’s test)
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表 3 接菌处理对不同基因型大豆在不同生育期的P营养状况的影响1)
Table 3 Effects of inoculation on P nutrition status of different soybean genotypes at different growth stages
指标
Index生育期
Growth stage不接菌 No inoculation 接菌 Inoculation 威廉姆斯82
Weilianmusi 82粤春04-5
Yuechun 04-5巴西10号
Baxi 10威廉姆斯82
Weilianmusi 82粤春04-5
Yuechun 04-5巴西10号
Baxi 10地上部P质量分数/(mg·g−1)
Shoot P concentrationⅠ 0.63±0.09a 0.70±0.08a 0.53±0.01a 0.73±0.09a 0.75±0.05a 0.68±0.03a Ⅱ 0.44±0.03bc 0.45±0.03bc 0.39±0.00c 0.52±0.02ab 0.54±0.02a 0.49±0.02ab 根部P质量分数/(mg·g−1)
Root P concentrationⅠ 0.59±0.05b 0.56±0.06b 0.65±0.04b 0.97±0.05a 1.01±0.14a 1.08±0.13a Ⅱ 0.83±0.11a 0.71±0.05a 0.83±0.10a 0.78±0.08a 0.71±0.12a 1.16±0.31a 总P吸收量/mg
Total P uptake amountⅠ 1.62±0.34a 1.64±0.26a 0.93±0.03b 1.88±0.22a 1.94±0.10a 1.57±0.18a Ⅱ 2.53±0.12bc 2.09±0.16c 2.00±0.22c 3.20±0.11ab 2.55±0.05bc 3.26±0.36a 1)Ⅰ：开花期，Ⅱ：结荚期；同行数据后不同小写字母表示相同生育期不同基因型大豆在不同接菌处理间差异显著(P<0.05，Duncan’s法)
1) Ⅰ: Flowering stage, Ⅱ: Podding stage; Different lowercase letters in the same line indicate significant differences between different inoculation treatments and among different soybean genotypes (P<0.05, Duncan’s test)
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表 4 接菌处理对不同基因型大豆在不同生育期的根系性状的影响1)
Table 4 Effects of inoculation on root characteristics of different soybean genotypes at different growth stages
指标
Index生育期
Growth stage不接菌 No inoculation 接菌 Inoculation 威廉姆斯82
Weilianmusi 82粤春04-5
Yuechun 04-5巴西10号
Baxi 10威廉姆斯82
Weilianmusi 82粤春04-5
Yuechun 04-5巴西10号
Baxi 10总根长/m
Total root lengthⅠ 2.84±0.02ab 2.74±0.19ab 2.11±0.09c 2.58±0.21abc 3.10±0.19a 2.45±0.15bc Ⅱ 4.70±0.24b 4.63±0.34b 3.82±0.23b 5.74±0.36a 4.72±0.49b 4.47±0.12b 根表面积/dm2
Root surface areaⅠ 4.38±0.35ab 4.46±0.39ab 3.27±0.14c 4.30±0.59ab 5.08±0.19a 4.12±0.45bc Ⅱ 6.42±0.45bc 5.79±0.43c 6.86±0.43abc 7.90±0.68ab 6.85±0.66bc 8.26±0.21a 根系体积/cm3
Root volumeⅠ 5.44±0.87abc 5.86±0.61ab 3.49±0.46c 5.73±0.67ab 7.40±0.65a 4.90±0.75bc Ⅱ 6.98±0.63cd 5.91±0.83d 9.81±0.72b 8.68±0.97bc 6.80±0.62cd 12.15±0.41a 1)Ⅰ：开花期，Ⅱ：结荚期；同行数据后不同小写字母表示相同生育期不同基因型大豆在不同接菌处理间差异显著(P<0.05，Duncan’s法)
1) Ⅰ: Flowering stage, Ⅱ: Podding stage; Different lowercase letters in the same line indicate significant differences between different inoculation treatments and among different soybean genotypes (P<0.05, Duncan’s test)
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表 5 接菌处理对不同基因型大豆在不同生育期的根系菌根诱导P转运蛋白基因表达的影响1)
Table 5 Effects of inoculation on the expression of arbuscular mycorrhizal-inducible P transporter genes in roots of different soybean genotypes at different growth stages
基因
Gene生育期
Growth
stage不接菌 No inoculation 接菌 Inoculation 威廉姆斯82
Weilianmusi 82粤春04-5
Yuechun 04-5巴西10号
Baxi 10威廉姆斯82
Weilianmusi 82粤春04-5
Yuechun 04-5巴西10号
Baxi 10GmPT8 Ⅰ 1.07±0.17b 1.07±0.17b 0.27±0.07c 8.52±2.10a 10.02±2.19a 5.46±2.50a Ⅱ 2.37±1.73bc 1.08±0.13bc 0.31±0.10c 6.38±1.46ab 8.27±4.23b 3.97±0.87abc GmPT9 Ⅰ 2.33±1.41b 2.58±0.26b 2.49±1.17b 1 149.44±278.42a 1 896.10±588.61a 1 617.45±630.78a Ⅱ 475.87±471.67ab 64.82±38.09b 2.17±0.71b 1 265.27±160.46a 1 296.43±647.04a 955.27±235.69ab GmPT10 Ⅰ 10.42±10.42b 2.40±0.98b 2.75±0.66b 68.20±19.46a 384.27±154.98a 261.38±193.35a Ⅱ 141.34±128.79ab 208.36±203.52ab 5.69±3.46b 117.56±24.20a 112.45±103.24ab 306.82±175.38a 1)Ⅰ：开花期，Ⅱ：结荚期；同行数据后不同小写字母表示相同生育期不同基因型大豆在不同接菌处理间差异显著(P<0.05，Duncan’s法)
1) Ⅰ: Flowering stage, Ⅱ: Podding stage; Different lowercase letters in the same line indicate significant differences between different inoculation treatments and among different soybean genotypes (P<0.05, Duncan’s test)
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表 6 生育期和基因型对大豆菌根生长指标影响的双因素方差分析
Table 6 Two-way ANOVA of the effects of growth stages and genotypes on soybean mycorrhizal growth indicators
指标
IndexF1) 生育期
Growth stage基因型
Genotype生育期×基因型
Growth stage × genotype菌根侵染率 Mycorrhizal colonization rate 14.93** 0.18 0.16 菌根生长反应 Mycorrhizal growth response 5.86* 5.66* 1.84 菌根P反应 Mycorrhizal phosphorus response 0.07 8.05** 0.18 1)“*”：P<0.05，“**”：P<0.01
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期刊类型引用(8)
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