低磷条件下接种丛枝菌根真菌对大豆生长和磷吸收的影响

    Effects of inoculating arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi on growth and phosphorus uptake of soybean under low phosphorus conditions

    • 摘要:
      目的  阐明不同磷(P)高效基因型大豆在不同生育期对接种丛枝菌根真菌的反应及其与P效率的关系,为接种丛枝菌根真菌提高作物P效率的研究提供理论依据。
      方法  以3个基因型大豆‘威廉姆斯82’‘粤春04-5’和‘巴西10号’为试验材料,设置接种和不接种丛枝菌根真菌2个处理,在开花期和结荚期采样,分析接种丛枝菌根真菌对大豆植株干质量、菌根侵染率、P营养状况、根系性状以及菌根诱导的P转运蛋白基因表达的影响。
      结果  不同基因型大豆在不同生育期对接种丛枝菌根真菌的菌根反应存在显著差异。与不接菌相比,接菌在开花期显著提高了3个菌根诱导表达的P转运蛋白基因GmPT8GmPT9GmPT10在3个基因型大豆根系中的表达,从而显著提高了3个基因型大豆根部的P浓度;接菌在结荚期显著提高了3个基因型大豆的根部干质量,以及‘巴西10号’的地上部干质量、P浓度和总P吸收量;此外,在开花期,不接菌的‘威廉姆斯82’和‘粤春04-5’的地上部干质量、总P吸收量、总根长和根表面积均显著高于‘巴西10号’,而接菌的‘巴西10号’的菌根生长反应和菌根P反应显著高于‘威廉姆斯82’和‘粤春04-5’。
      结论  ‘威廉姆斯82’和‘粤春04-5’具有更高的P效率,而‘巴西10号’具有更高的菌根依赖性;大豆生育期的延长有利于菌根植物吸收的P转化为生物量,促进大豆与菌根真菌的有益共生。

       

      Abstract:
      Objective  To illuminate the response of different P-efficient soybean genotypes to arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi inoculation at different growth stages and the relationship with P efficiency, and provide a theoretical basis for research of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi inoculation improving crop P efficiency.
      Method  The experiments were conducted using three soybean genotypes of ‘Weilianmusi 82’ ‘Yuechun 04-5’ and ‘Baxi 10’ under mycorrhizal and non-mycorrhizal inoculation treatments at flowering and podding stages. The effects of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi inoculation on soybean plant dry weight, arbuscular mycorrhizal colonization rate, P nutrition status, root traits, and expression of arbuscular mycorrhizal inducible phosphate transporter genes were analyzed.
      Result  The mycorrhizal responses of different soybean genotypes to arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi inoculation were significantly different at different growth stages. Compared with non-mycorrhizal inoculation treatment, the inoculation treatment significantly improved the expression levels of three arbuscular mycorrhizal inducible P transporter genes of GmPT8, GmPT9 and GmPT10 in the roots of three soybean genotypes at flowering stage, which resulted in the significant increase of P concentrations in roots of these three soybean genotypes, and the inoculation treatment significantly improved the root dry weight of these three soybean genotypes, as well as shoot dry weight, P concentration and total P uptake amount of ‘Baxi 10’ at podding stage. At flowering stage, non-mycorrhizal ‘Weilianmusi 82’ and ‘Yuechun 04-5’ plants had significantly higher shoot dry weight, total P uptake, total root length and root surface area than ‘Baxi 10’, while mycorrhizal growth response and mycorrhizal P response of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi inoculated ‘Baxi 10’ were significantly higher than those of ‘Weilianmusi 82’ and ‘Yuechun 04-5’.
      Conclusion  ‘Weilianmusi 82’ and ‘Yuechun 04-5’ have higher P efficiency, while ‘Baxi 10’ has higher mycorrhizal dependence. The prolonged growth period from flowering stage to podding stage promotes the transformation of acquired P by mycorrhizal plants into biomass, which further stimulates the beneficial symbiosis between soybean and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi.

       

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