土壤养分、种植年限和种植方式对巴戟天寡糖含量的影响

    Effects of soil nutrients, planting years and methods on oligosaccharide content of Morinda officinalis

    • 摘要:
      目的  分析土壤养分、种植年限、种植方式(林下和非林下)等3个重要因子对巴戟天Morinda officinalis品质核心指标寡糖含量的影响,为我国“四大南药”之一的巴戟天种植提供理论与数据支撑。
      方法  在广东省德庆县巴戟天道地产区选择18个非林下种植点,采用随机多点采样法采集土样和不同生长年限巴戟天样品,测定土壤养分和巴戟天肉质根寡糖含量,分析土壤养分含量和不同生长年限与巴戟天寡糖含量的关系;分别采集林下和非林下种植的巴戟天样品,通过主成分分析探究林下和非林下种植方式巴戟天的品质差异。
      结果  土壤pH与巴戟天蔗糖含量呈极显著的负相关关系(P<0.01),与寡糖含量呈显著正相关关系(P<0.05);土壤全磷、速效磷、速效钾与1−蔗果三糖、耐斯糖含量呈显著正相关关系(P<0.05)。3年生巴戟天的蔗糖含量显著高于其他生长年限的巴戟天,4年生巴戟天的1−蔗果三糖含量显著高于2年生巴戟天。林下种植巴戟天的品质优于非林下种植。
      结论  提高土壤中速效磷与速效钾含量可以提高巴戟天品质,4年生巴戟天的药材品质最佳,林下种植有利于提高巴戟天品质。

       

      Abstract:
      Objective  To analyze the effects of three important factors of soil nutrients, planting years and methods (understory and no understory) on oligosaccharide content which is one of the core index of Morinda officinalis quality, provide the theoretical and data supports for cultivation of M. officinalis which is one of the “Four Southern Herbs” in China.
      Method  This study selected eighteen no understory planting sites in the genuine producing area of M. officinalis in Deqing County, Guangdong Province. Soil samples and M. officinalis samples of different growth years were collected by random multi-point sampling method. The contents of soil nutrients and oligosaccharides in M. officinalis flesh root were determined to analyze the relationships of soil nutrient contents, growth years and oligosaccharides content of M. officinalis. In addition, samples in understory and no understory planting sites were collected to explore the quality differences of M. officinalis by principal component analysis.
      Result  The pH value was highly negatively correlated with sucrose content (P<0.01) and positively correlated with oligosaccharide content (P<0.05). Total phosphorus, available phosphorus and available potassium in soil were positively correlated with the contents of 1-kestose and nystose (P<0.05). The sucrose content of 3-year-oldM. officinalis was significantly higher than those of other growth years, and 1-kestose content of 4-year-old M. officinaliswas significantly higher than that of 2-year-old M. officinalis. The understoryM. officinalis showed better quality than that of no understory.
      Conclusion  Improving the contents of available P and available K in soil can improve the quality of M. officinalis. The quality of 4-year-old M. officinalis is the best in our study. Understory planting can improve the quality of M. officinalis.

       

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