南岭山区杉木大径材成材影响因子研究

晏姝; 王润辉; 邓厚银; 郑会全; 胡德活; 韦如萍

doi:10.7671/j.issn.1001-411X.202005022

南岭山区杉木大径材成材影响因子研究

Study on impact factors of large-diameter wood formation of Cunninghamia lanceolatain Nanling Mountains

摘要

摘要:
目的挖掘南岭山区杉木Cunninghamia lanceolata大径材形成的主导生态环境因子和林分控制因子，并探究其影响规律，以期为广东省杉木大径材培育和经营提供理论指导。

方法通过对南岭山区现存杉木大径材林分调查研究，提取并形成立地指数(SI)、土壤综合肥力指数(I)、微地形指数(M)、地理指数(G)等的指数评价体系，解析大径材蓄积量(V_l)、大径材出材量(O_l)、大径材株数比例(N_D_≥26)、大径材出材率(Y_l)等与各个指数的相关关系。

结果大径材成材各指标与SI及M呈极显著正相关(P<0.01)，相关系数分别为0.37~0.44和0.22~0.33；V_l、O_l、N_D≥26等指标与I呈显著正相关(P<0.05)，相关系数为0.24~0.39；V_l和O_l均随保留密度(D)的增加呈先缓慢上升后缓慢下降的平缓二次项曲线趋势，相关性达显著水平(P<0.05)；G及林龄(A)与大径材成材各指标相关性均不显著。构建了20~30年生杉木大径材出材量预测模型：O_l= \rme^\rm5\rm.781 + 0\rm.004\;\rmSI + 5\rm.004A^\rm - 1\rm + 0\rm.261\ln D\rm - 45\rm.151S\rmI^\rm - 1 (R=0.62，P<0.01)，可利用该模型初步预测评估南岭山区20~30 年生杉木林分的大径材出材量。

结论 SI、I、M和D是南岭山区杉木大径材形成的主导影响因子，当SI为18以上，土壤要求孔隙度、持水量、有机质含量较高，微地形条件为阴坡向、坡度低于35°的中下部凹坡，保留密度控制在1100~1300株·hm⁻²时，更有利于杉木大径材的培育。

Abstract:
Objective To explore the dominant ecological environment factors and stand control factors for the formation of large-diameter wood of Cunninghamia lanceolata in Nanling Mountains, investigate their influence rule and provide a theoretical guidance for cultivation and management of large-diameter wood stands of C. lanceolata in Guangdong Province.

Method Based on the investigation of the existing large-diameter wood stands of C. lanceolata in Nanling Mountains, the site index (SI), soil integrated fertility index (I), micro-topography index (M) and geographical index (G) were extracted and the index evaluation system was established. The relationships of large-diameter wood volume (V_l), output (O_l), proportion (N_D≥26), outturn percentage (Y_l) with each index were analyzed.

Result There were significant positive correlations of each index of large-diameter wood with SI, M (P<0.01), the correlation coefficients were 0.37−0.44 and 0.22−0.33 respectively.V_l、O_l and N_D≥26 had significant positive correlations with I(P<0.05), the correlation coefficients were 0.24−0.39.V_l and O_l showed a gentle quadratic curve trend of slowly increasing first and then slowly decreasing with the increase of reserved density (D), the correlations were significant (P<0.05). There were no significant correlations ofG, stand age (A) with each index of large-diameter wood. The large-diameter wood output at the age of 20−30 was predicted by a quantitative model: O_l= \rme^\rm5\rm.781 + 0\rm.004\;\rmSI + 5\rm.004A^\rm - 1\rm + 0\rm.261\ln D\rm - 45\rm.151S\rmI^\rm - 1 (R=0.62, P<0.01).

Conclusion SI, I, M and D are the dominant impact factors for growth of large-diameter wood in Nanling Mountains. It is benefitial for large-diameter wood formation when SI is above 18, the soil has higher porosity, moisture and nutrient contents, the micro-topography condition is a shady and concave slope below 35° in the lower part, and the reserved density is 1 100−1 300 plants·hm⁻².

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