Effects of nitrogen and phosphorus additions on carbon storage and allocation of Cinnamomum camphora seedlings under different planting densities
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摘要:目的
对氮(N)、磷(P)添加条件下4种种植密度的樟树Cinnamomum camphora幼苗各器官碳(C)含量、储量和分配比例进行研究，以期为氮沉降和磷添加背景下森林碳储量分配格局的变化提供参考。
方法以1年生樟树幼苗为试验材料，选择氯化铵(NH4Cl)作为氮肥模拟氮沉降，以二水合磷酸二氢钠(NaH2PO4·2H2O)作为磷添加，设置4个水平：不加N和P(对照，CK)，加N，加P，加N和P(N+P)。N、P及N+P每年的添加量分别为NH4Cl 40 g·m−2、NaH2PO4·2H2O 20 g·m−2和NH4Cl 40 g·m−2+ NaH2PO4·2H2O 20 g·m−2；种植密度设置4个水平，即10、20、40和80株·m−2。
结果各氮、磷添加和密度处理下幼苗的根、茎和枝的C含量基本上差异不显著，而添加N和N+P能够促使樟树幼苗叶的C含量上升。随着种植密度的增大，樟树幼苗叶片C含量表现出下降的趋势；N、P添加处理基本上能够促进幼苗单株C储量和单位面积C储量的增加；随着种植密度的增大，单株幼苗C储量呈现下降的趋势。
结论樟树幼苗叶的单株C储量和单位面积C储量分配比例随着种植密度的增大逐渐减小。高密度种植有利于茎的分配比例增加。N+P添加处理对幼苗C储量的促进效果大于单一N或P添加处理。
Abstract:ObjectiveTo study carbon (C) content, storage and allocation in seedling organs of Cinnamomum camphora cultivated in four different densities under nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) additions, and provide information for forest C storage and allocation under the background of N deposition and P addition.
MethodThe 1-year-old C. camphora seedlings were used as test materials. NH4Cl and NaH2PO4·2H2O were selected to simulate atmospheric N deposition and P addition, respectively. N and P additions were performed with four different levels (control, N, P, and N+P). The N and P addition amounts per year in N, P, and N+P treatments were 40 g·m−2 NH4Cl, 20 g·m−2 NaH2PO4·2H2O and 40 g·m−2 NH4Cl + 20 g·m−2 NaH2PO4·2H2O, respectively. Seedlings were planted in four different densities (10, 20, 40 and 80 seedlings·m−2).
ResultC contents in roots, stems and branches of seedlings in all treatments had no significant difference. N and N+P treatments increased C content of leaves. With the increase of planting density, C content of leaves tended to decrease. The N and P additions increased C storage per seedling and C storage in unit area. C storage per seedling decreased with the increase of planting density.
ConclusionC storage of leaves per seedling and C storage in unit area decreases with the increase of planting density. C storage percentage of stems increases in high cultivation density treatment. The effect of N+P treatment on C storage per seedling and C storage in unit area is greater than that of single N or P addition.
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Keywords:
- N and P additions /
- planting density /
- carbon storage /
- Cinnamomum camphora
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表 1 幼苗处理前各器官单株生物量和碳含量(平均值±标准误差)
Table 1 Biomass and carbon content per seedling before treatment (mean ± SE)
器官
Organ单株生物量/g
Biomass per seedlingw(C)/(g·kg−1) 根 Root 2.18±1.12 469.57±0.34 茎 Stem 1.11±0.25 487.02±1.92 枝 Branch 0.11±0.08 460.53±1.49 叶 Leaf 0.88±0.31 515.13±2.56 
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表 2 不同种植密度及氮、磷添加处理幼苗各器官的碳含量1)(平均值±标准误差)
Table 2 Carbon contents of organs per seedling under different planting densities and nitrogen and phosphorus additions (mean±SE)
种植密度/(株·m−2)
Planting densityN、P添加
N and P additionsw(C)/(g·kg−1) 根 Root 茎 Stem 枝 Branch 叶 Leaf 10 CK 452.75±10.52Aa 492.11±21.67Aa 478.82±7.42Aa 477.81±3.18Bc N 447.34±4.82Ba 494.13±2.16Aa 477.82±3.31Ba 499.36±4.91Ab P 446.27±3.87Aa 500.56±1.57Aa 481.53±4.88ABa 501.17±1.56Ab N+P 462.95±2.60Aa 489.97±1.04Ba 481.98±5.13Aa 512.34±3.61Aa 20 CK 460.81±5.39Aa 500.11±1.83Aa 481.11±3.66Aa 494.30±2.87Aab N 457.91±8.47ABa 503.78±7.88Aa 480.64±3.53ABa 502.38±4.51Aa P 466.52±3.48Aa 496.91±2.59Aa 474.63±4.16Ba 484.32±4.44ABb N+P 460.04±4.44Aa 500.79±1.46Aa 482.60±5.00Aa 503.61±4.71Aa 40 CK 459.78±1.86Aab 497.80±2.11Aa 474.88±5.83Aab 474.64±5.10Bab N 469.60±5.10Aab 499.21±8.71Aa 488.58±3.32Aa 480.58±6.92Bab P 447.74±12.65Ab 485.44±5.03Bab 471.16±4.35Bb 465.51±4.06BCb N+P 471.79±4.12Aa 472.21±1.47Cb 475.74±4.70Aab 484.62±4.63Ba 80 CK 457.01±5.11Aa 490.15±7.01Aa 492.16±6.15Aa 480.11±2.77Ba N 457.79±6.02ABa 492.82±2.25Aa 482.77±2.22ABab 483.05±1.17Ba P 449.37±3.65Aa 499.93±3.63Aa 490.58±3.17Aa 448.61±14.61Cb N+P 452.35±14.07Aa 496.53±3.24Aa 475.81±5.28Ab 486.18±4.52Ba 1) 同列数据后，不同大写字母表示相同N、P添加处理下不同种植密度间差异显著，不同小写字母表示相同种植密度下不同N、P添加处理间差异显著(P<0.05，Duncan’ s法)
1)Different capital letters in the same column indicate significant differences among different planting densities under the same N/P addition treatment, and different lowercase letters in the same column indicate significant differences among different N/P addition treatments under the same planting density (P<0.05, Duncan’ s test)
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表 3 不同种植密度及氮、磷添加处理下单株幼苗各器官的碳储量和分配比例1)
Table 3 Carbon storage of organs and its allocation per seedling under different planting densities and nitrogen and phosphorus additions
种植密度/
(株·m−2)
Planting densityN、P添加
N and P additions根 Root 茎 Stem 枝 Branch 叶 Leaf 全株 Total C储量/g
C storage分配比例/%
RatioC储量/g
C storage分配比例/%
RatioC储量/g
C storage分配比例/%
RatioC储量/g
C storage分配比例/%
RatioC储量/g
C storage分配比例/%
Ratio10 CK 1.19Aa 41.66 0.97Aa 33.95 0.16Bb 5.47 0.54Ac 18.92 2.86Ab 100 N 2.04Aa 35.06 1.30Aa 22.32 0.78Aa 13.37 1.70Ab 29.25 5.82Aa 100 P 1.90Aa 32.78 1.04ABa 17.94 0.93Aa 16.00 1.93Ab 33.28 5.79Aa 100 N+P 2.13Aa 29.27 1.30Aa 17.86 1.05Aa 14.50 2.79Aa 38.37 7.27Aa 100 20 CK 1.00Aa 39.16 0.91ABa 35.33 0.15Bb 5.78 0.51Ac 19.73 2.57ABb 100 N 1.37Ba 32.94 1.07Aa 25.74 0.52Ba 12.38 1.21Ab 28.93 4.17Ba 100 P 1.42Ba 39.72 1.16Aa 32.53 0.26Bb 7.20 0.73Bc 20.55 3.58Ba 100 N+P 1.19Ba 28.11 0.98Aa 23.18 0.51Ba 11.94 1.56Ba 36.76 4.24Ba 100 40 CK 0.79Ab 37.97 0.75Ba 35.96 0.14Bb 6.83 0.40Ab 19.23 2.09BCb 100 N 1.36Ba 46.43 0.96Aa 32.86 0.23Cab 7.74 0.38Bb 12.97 2.93Ca 100 P 1.34Ba 47.16 0.80Ca 28.24 0.27Ba 9.34 0.43BCb 15.26 2.84BCa 100 N+P 1.27Ba 39.60 1.00Aa 31.36 0.31BCa 9.72 0.62Ca 19.33 3.20BCa 100 80 CK 0.79Aa 42.11 0.75Ba 39.84 0.22Aa 11.85 0.12Ba 6.20 1.88Ca 100 N 1.00Ba 43.05 0.90Aa 38.54 0.23Ca 9.74 0.20Ba 8.66 2.33Ca 100 P 0.71Ca 36.03 0.85BCa 42.94 0.21Ba 10.71 0.20Ca 10.33 1.98Ca 100 N+P 1.07Ba 42.72 0.99Aa 39.66 0.18Ca 7.01 0.27Ca 10.61 2.50Ca 100 1) 同列数据后，不同大写字母表示相同N、P添加处理下不同种植密度间差异显著，不同小写字母表示相同种植密度下不同N、P添加处理间差异显著(P<0.05，Duncan’ s法)
1) Different capital letters in the same column indicate significant differences among different planting densities under the same N/P addition, and different lowercase letters in the same column indicate significant differences among different N/P addition under the same planting density (P<0.05, Duncan’ s test)
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表 4 不同种植密度和氮、磷添加对单株幼苗各器官碳储量交互作用的方差分析
Table 4 Variance analyses of interaction effects of planting density and nitrogen and phosphorus additions on carbon storage of organs per seedling
器官碳储量
Carbon storage of organs种植密度
Planting densityN、P添加
N and P additions种植密度与N、P添加交互作用
Interaction effect of planting density and N and P additionsF P F P F P 根 Root 17.219 0.000 6.261 0.001 1.003 0.441 茎 Stem 6.800 0.000 4.157 0.007 0.745 0.667 枝 Branch 33.459 0.000 13.035 0.000 5.281 0.000 叶 Leaf 93.367 0.000 28.212 0.000 8.978 0.000 全株 Total 54.661 0.000 18.687 0.000 3.565 0.001
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表 5 不同种植密度及氮、磷添加处理下幼苗各器官的单位面积碳储量和分配比例1)
Table 5 Carbon storage of organs and its allocation in unit area under different planting densities and nitrogen and phosphorus additions
种植密度/
(株·m−2)
Planting densityN、P添加
N and P additions根 Root 茎 Stem 枝 Branch 叶 Leaf 全株 Total C储量/
(g·m−2)
C storage分配比
例/%
RatioC储量/
(g·m−2)
C storage分配比
例/%
RatioC储量/
(g·m−2)
C storage分配比
例 /%
RatioC储量/
(g·m−2)
C storage分配比
例/%
RatioC储量/
(g·m−2)
C storage分配比
例/%
Ratio10 CK 11.89Ca 41.66 9.70Da 33.95 1.56Cb 5.47 5.40Cc 18.92 28.55Db 100 N 20.40Ca 35.00 12.98Ca 22.32 7.78Ba 13.37 17.02Bb 29.55 58.18Ca 100 P 18.99Ba 32.78 10.39Ca 17.94 9.27Ca 16.00 19.28Ab 33.28 57.93Ca 100 N+P 21.28Ca 29.27 12.99Ca 17.86 10.54Aa 14.50 27.90Aa 38.37 72.71Ca 100 20 CK 20.07BCa 39.16 18.11Ca 35.33 2.96Cb 5.78 10.11Bc 19.73 51.25Cb 100 N 27.47Ca 32.94 21.46BCa 25.74 10.33Ba 12.38 24.13Bb 28.93 83.39BCa 100 P 28.41Ba 39.72 23.27Ba 32.53 5.15BCb 7.20 14.70Ac 20.55 71.53Ba 100 N+P 23.84Ca 28.11 19.66Ca 23.18 10.13Aa 11.94 31.18Aa 36.76 84.80BCa 100 40 CK 31.80Bb 37.97 30.11Ba 35.96 5.72Bb 6.83 16.11Ab 19.23 83.74Bb 100 N 54.37Ba 46.43 38.47Ba 32.86 9.07Bb 7.74 15.18Bb 12.97 117.10Ba 100 P 53.62Aa 47.16 32.10Ba 28.24 10.62Ba 9.34 17.34Ab 15.26 113.68Ba 100 N+P 50.62Ba 39.60 40.08Ba 31.36 12.42Aa 9.72 24.70Aa 19.33 127.82Ba 100 80 CK 63.24Aa 42.11 59.83Aa 39.84 17.80Aa 11.85 9.31Ba 6.20 150.19Aa 100 N 80.25Aa 43.05 71.86Aa 38.54 18.17Aa 9.74 16.15Aa 8.66 186.43Aa 100 P 57.14Aa 36.02 68.12Aa 42.94 16.99Aa 10.71 16.39Aa 10.33 158.64Aa 100 N+P 85.55Aa 42.72 79.42Aa 39.66 14.03Aa 7.01 21.25Aa 10.61 200.24Aa 100 1) 同列数据后，不同大写字母表示相同N、P添加处理下不同种植密度间差异显著，不同小写字母表示相同种植密度下不同N、P添加处理间差异显著(P<0.05，Duncan’ s法)
1)Different capital letters in the same column indicate significant differences among different planting densities under the same N/P addition, and different lowercase letters in the same column indicate significant differences among different N/P additions under the same planting density (P<0.05, Duncan’ s test)
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表 6 不同种植密度及氮、磷添加对幼苗各器官的单位面积碳储量交互作用的方差分析
Table 6 Variance analyses of interaction effects of planting density and nitrogen and phosphorus additions on carbon storage of organs in unit area
器官单位面积碳储量
Carbon storage of organs in
unit area种植密度
Planting densityN、P添加
N and P additions种植密度与N、P添加交互作用
Interaction effect of planting density and N and P additionsF P F P F P 根 Root 51.780 0.000 3.743 0.013 1.003 0.313 茎 Stem 127.420 0.000 2.741 0.047 0.676 0.730 枝 Branch 29.407 0.000 6.744 0.000 2.670 0.007 叶 Leaf 1.959 0.123 26.787 0.000 2.340 0.017 全株 Total 201.698 0.000 3.062 0.030 0.874 0.550
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百度学术
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