基于磁流变液的农用变量喷头设计及试验

    Design and test of an agricultural variable nozzle based on magnetorheological fluid

    • 摘要:
      目的  为实现农作物保护区的变量喷洒,设计一种基于磁流变液的农用变量喷头。
      方法  根据磁流变效应理论设计变量喷头的机械结构,并利用软件仿真对结构进行参数优化。然后设置不同线圈电压和磁流变液注入量进行流量测试,分析线圈电压、磁流变液注入量对喷头流量的影响。
      结果  隔膜泵泵压恒定在0.3 MPa,当磁流变液注入量从0增加到2.5 mL,喷头流量随之减小。在24 V线圈电压下流量减小最少,为14.29%;在0 V电压下流量减小最多,为28.57%。当磁流变液注入量恒定在1.5 mL,线圈电压由0升高到28 V,喷头流量增加了25.00%。
      结论  基于磁流变液的变量喷头可以通过控制外部磁场实现变流量控制,可用于精准农业喷施。

       

      Abstract:
      Objective  To design an agricultural variable nozzle based on magnetorheological fluid, and realize variable spraying in agricultural protection area.
      Method  Mechanical structure of the variable nozzle was designed based on the theory of magnetorheological effect. Structural parameters were optimized through software simulation. Nozzle flow rate was measured under different coil voltage and volume of magnetorheological fluid injected in the nozzle cavity. Effect of coil voltage and volume of magnetorheological fluid injected in the nozzle on flow rate were analyzed.
      Result  When the pressure of the diaphragm pump kept at 0.3 MPa constantly, the nozzle flow rate decreased with the volume of magnetorheological fluid in the nozzle cavity increased from 0 to 2.5 mL. The reduction in flow rate was the least (14.29%) at the coil voltage of 24 V, while the reduction in flow rate was the largest (28.57%) at the coil voltage of 0 V. When the volume of magnetorheological fluid maintained at 1.5 mL and coil voltage increased from 0 to 28 V, the nozzle flow rate increased by 25.00%.
      Conclusion  The variable nozzle based on magnetorheological fluid can realize variable flow rate control by controlling the external magnetic field, and therefore the designed variable nozzle can be used in precise variable agricultural spraying.

       

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