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    转Bt基因玉米的抗虫鉴定及杂种优势

    Insect-resistant identification and heterosis of transgenic Bt maize

      摘要
    • 摘要:
      目的  研究转Bt基因玉米Zea may材料表达、产量潜力及杂种优势表现，为转基因材料遗传改良提供参考。
      方法  以Reid群骨干系PH6WC及育成的自交系J1490、J1495、4DH10和外引系PH1CPS作母本，以Non-Reid为基础的转Bt基因材料6DH85、J1401、6DH222、8DH273和8DH279以及自选系J9D207、J1628、J1668为父本，按NCⅡ设计组配40(5×8)个杂交组合，对转Bt基因材料抗虫表现和产量潜力进行研究。
      结果  通过回交转育系谱法处理后代获得转基因材料中的部分Bt基因丢失或者沉默，没有在子代中成功表达出相应蛋白。转Bt基因的杂交组合在一定程度上可以避免因虫害造成的产量损失，与对照品种相比，组合4DH10×8DH279表现最好，增产31.10%；组合J1495×J1401虽然含有Bt基因，且与其不含Bt基因的同父本组合相比增产效果明显，最高可增产65.77%，但与对照品种相比，仅增产10.04%。
      结论  玉米转基因育种与常规育种相结合，对其跟踪测配，才有望培育出高产、抗虫优良品种。

       

      Abstract:
      Objective  To study the material expression, yield potential and heterosis of transgenic Bt maize(Zea may), and provide references for genetic modification of transgene materials.
      Method  The Reid group elite line PH6WC, the bred inbred lines J1490, J1495 and 4DH10, as well as the introduced line PH1CPS were used as female parents. The Non-Reid based transgenic Bt materials, including 6DH85, J1401, 6DH222, 8DH273 and 8DH279, as well as the self-selected lines J9D207, J1628 and J1688 were used as male parents. Totally 40(5×8) cross combinations according to the NCⅡ design were assembled. The insect-resistant performance and yield potential of transgenic Bt materials were studied.
      Result  Part of the Bt genes were deleted or silenced in transgene materials obtained through backcrossing pedigree method, and no corresponding protein was successfully expressed in the filial generations. The cross combination of transgenic Bt materials could partially avoid yield loss due to pest. Comparing to the control variety, combination 4DH10×8DH279 had the best performance with 31.10% yield increase. For combination J1495×J1401, although it contained the Bt gene and it displayed obvious yield increase (65.77% at the highest) compared with the combination without Bt gene of the same male parent, however, it only had 10.04% yield increase compared with the control variety.
      Conclusion  High-yield and insect-resistant maize varieties can be bred through combining transgene breeding with conventional breeding as well as tracking and testing.

       

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