Effect of Panax notoginseng seed size on seed-filling performanceof the socket-roller seeding apparatus
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摘要:目的
探究窝眼轮排种器型孔尺寸与分级后三七Panax notoginseng种子的适配性对充种性能的影响规律，确定各级三七种子与适配型孔尺寸之间的关系。
方法将三七种子分为4级，设计了4种不同型孔尺寸的窝眼轮排种器，利用离散元软件EDEM模拟各级种子在不同型孔尺寸排种器中的充种过程，分析各级种子在不同型孔尺寸排种器中的充种性能，得到各级种子适配排种器型孔尺寸，并进行了试验验证。
结果各级三七种子均有适配型孔排种器，5.0~5.5和6.5~7.0 mm分级段的种子适配排种器型孔尺寸为7.5和8.5 mm；5.5~6.0 和6.0~6.5 mm分级段的种子适配排种器型孔尺寸为8.0 mm。各分级段的种子在其适配排种器中充种时，合格指数均大于95.83%，漏播指数均低于2.00%，重播指数均低于2.17%。确定了种子长轴(l)与孔径(L)之间以及高轴(h)与孔深(H)之间的线性关系方程分别为L=0.58l+4.28和H=0.75h+3.96。
结论排种器充种性能满足了三七播种的农艺要求，为窝眼轮排种器型孔尺寸的设计提供了理论依据。
Abstract:ObjectiveTo explore the influences of hole size of the nest hole wheel seed-metering and the adaptability of Panax notoginseng seeds on seed-filling performance, determine the relationships between P. notoginseng seeds of different grades and the adaptability shapes of seed-metering devices.
MethodWe divided P. notoginsengseeds into four levels, and designed four different types of nest hole sizes. Using the discrete element software EDEM, we simulated the seed-filling process of graded seeds in seed-metering device with different size of nest hole. The seed filling performances of different grade seeds in seed-metering devices with different sizes were analysed, and the adaptability size of seed-metering device for the graded seeds was obtained. The experimental verification was carried out.
ResultP. notoginseng seeds of all levels have their suitable nest hole wheels. The 5.0−5.5 and 6.5−70 mm grading sections of seeds have the suitable hole sizes of 7.5 and 8.5 mm respectively, and both of 5.5−6.0 and 6.0−6.5 mm grading sections seeds match the hole size of 8.0 mm. When seeds of all gardes are filled in the adaptive seed-metering devices, the qualified indexes are more than 95.83%, the miss-seeding indexes are lower than 2.00% and the redundant-seeding indexes are 2.17%. The linear relationship between the long axis size of seed (l) and aperture (L), and the relationship between the height axis size of seed (h) and hole depth (H) are all established, which areL=0.58l+4.28
and H=0.75h+3.96, respectively. ConclusionThe seed-filling performance fully meets the agronomic requirements ofP. notoginseng seeding, which provides a theoretical basis for the design of nest hole size of the nest hole wheel seeding device.
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Keywords:
- Panax notoginseng seed /
- metering device /
- nest hole size /
- seed-filling performance /
- EDEM software
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图 2 Ta和Tb 2种圆孔筛片结构示意图
P：孔距；d：筛孔直径；t：上下层筛片距离
Figure 2. Schematic diagrams of two kinds (Ta and Tb) of round - hole sieves
P: Hole distance; d: Diameter of sieve hole; t: Distance between upper and lower levels of sieves
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图 3 窝眼轮排种器结构示意图
1：护种板；2：种箱侧板；3：毛刷轴；4：清种毛刷；5：种箱前侧板；6：种箱后侧板；7：窝眼轮；8：排种轴；9：投种片
Figure 3. Schematic diagram of the nest hole wheels seed-metering device
1: Seed guard plate；2: Seed box side panel；3: Brush shaft；4: Seed-clearing brush；5: Front side panel of seed box；6: Back side panel of seed box；7: Nest hole wheel；8: Seeding shaft；9: Seeding iron sheet
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图 7 不同孔型尺寸窝眼轮中三七种子排种仿真试验充种情况
Figure 7. Seed filling situation of simulation test of Panax notoginseng seed metering in nest hole wheels with different hole sizes
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图 8 排种性能台架试验
1：试验台；2：安装架；3：排种器；4：三七种子；5：传动机构
Figure 8. Bench test of seed-metering performance
1: Test bench; 2: Mounting rack; 3: Seed-metering device; 4: Panax notoginseng seed; 5: Transmission mechanism
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图 9 不同分级三七种子排种性能试验充种情况
Figure 9. Seed filling situation of seed discharge performance test of Panax notoginseng seeds in nest hole wheels with different hole sizes
表 1 各级三七种子的三轴尺寸
Table 1 Three-axis size of Panax notoginseng seeds for each grading section
种子直径/mm
Seed diameter长轴/mm Long axis 宽轴/mm Wide axis 高轴/mm High axis 5.0~5.5 5.07~6.36 4.50~5.30 4.41~5.28 5.5~6.0 5.42~7.24 4.79~5.83 4.44~5.72 6.0~6.5 6.16~7.55 5.08~6.33 4.88~6.32 6.5~7.0 6.54~8.00 5.50~6.79 5.15~6.62 
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表 2 窝眼轮4种型孔参数
Table 2 Four kinds of hole parameters of nest hole wheels
型号
Model孔径(L)/mm
Aperture孔深(H)/mm
Hole depth1 7.0 7.0 2 7.5 7.5 3 8.0 8.0 4 8.5 8.5
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表 3 仿真模型材料参数和接触参数
Table 3 Material and contact parameters of the simulation model
材料1)
Material泊松比
Poisson ratio剪切模量/MP
Shear modulus密度/(kg·m−3)Density 接触材料1)
Contacted material碰撞恢复系数Coefficient of
restitution静摩擦因数Coefficient of
static friction动摩擦因数Coefficient of
roll friction1 0.40 13 1 100 1+1 0.48 0.32 0.085 2 0.28 102 1 150 1+2 0.50 0.50 0.010 3 0.30 79 400 7 930 1+3 0.60 0.30 0.010 4 0.40 100 1 150 1+4 0.30 0.50 0.300 1) 1：三七种子；2：尼龙材料；3：不锈钢材料；4：毛刷
1) 1: Panax notoginseng seed; 2: Nylon material; 3: Stainless steel material; 4: Brush
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