交趾黄檀1年生容器苗分级标准研究

罗明道; 洪舟; 李科; 徐大平; 张宁南; 麦宝莹; 黄锡钊

doi:10.7671/j.issn.1001-411X.201806017

交趾黄檀1年生容器苗分级标准研究

Grading standards of one-year-old container seedlings of Dalbergia cochinchinensis

摘要

摘要:
目的开展1年生交趾黄檀Dalbergia cochinchinensis容器苗质量评价，为其壮苗培育和人工林规模发展提供技术支撑。

方法应用主成分分析法确定交趾黄檀苗木分级指标，通过平均值±标准差法和逐步聚类法比较分析各等级苗木比例、标准以及在广东阳江、高明和福建漳州不同级别苗木的早期造林效果的差异，确定合理的交趾黄檀苗木质量分级方法与分级标准。

结果苗高(H)和地径(D) 2个性状的主成分贡献率分别为59.85%和26.02%，累积方差贡献率为85.87%，H和D可作为1年生交趾黄檀苗木分级指标，各等级苗木之间存在着显著差异。2种不同方法确定的交趾黄檀各等级苗木比例、等级取值范围无明显差异。应用平均值±标准差法分级的交趾黄檀合格苗(Ⅰ和Ⅱ级苗)在各试验点的早期生长表现良好、造林成活率(90%以上)较高；造林3和12个月时，苗木建成形态和成活率与造林时的H和D呈极显著正相关。

结论综合各等级苗木比率、等级取值范围、早期造林效果以及实际育苗生产过程，1年生交趾黄檀苗木质量分级宜采用平均值±标准差法，其分级标准为：Ⅰ级苗，H ≥ 119.76 cm，D ≥ 7.66 mm；Ⅱ级苗，69.62 cm ≤ H ＜ 119.76 cm，5.04 mm ≤ D ＜ 7.66 mm；Ⅲ级苗，H ＜ 69.62 cm，D ＜ 5.04 mm。

Abstract:
Objective To evaluate the quality of one-year-old container seedlings of Dalbergia cochinchinensis, and provide a technical basis for its seedling cultivation and plantation development.

Method Seedling grading indexes were determined by principal components analysis. We used the mean ± standard deviation and progressive clustering methods to analyze the proportions of seedlings in different grades, grading standards and differences among grades in afforestation effects at early stage of seedlings in Yangjiang, Gaoming of Guangdong and Zhangzhou of Fujian. The suitable grading method and standards were determined.

Result The principal component contribution rates of seedling height (H) and ground diameter (D) were 59.85% and 26.02%, respectively. H and D could be used as the grading indexes for one-year-old D. cochinchinensis seedlings, and these traits were significantly different among different graded seedlings. The cumulative variance contribution rate of seedling height and ground diameter was 85.87%. There were no obvious differences in the proportions of seedlings in each grade and grading ranges between two grading methods. Qualified D. cochinchinensis seedlings (Grade Ⅰ and Ⅱ) determined by the mean ± standard deviation method performed well in the early growth period and had higher survival rates (>90%) at all test sites. Seedling traits and survival rates after planting of 3 and 12 months had highly significant positive correlations withH and D at planting time.

Conclusion The mean ± standard deviation method is more feasible for grading of one-year-old D. cochinchinensis seedlings by comprehensively evaluating the proportions of seedlings in different grades, ranges of grading indexes, early afforestation effect and practical seedling cultivation. The grading standards are as follows: Grade Ⅰof H ≥ 119.76 cm and D ≥ 7.66 mm; grade Ⅱ of 69.62 cm ≤ H ＜ 119.76 cm and 5.04 mm ≤ D ＜ 7.66 mm; grade Ⅲ of H ＜ 69.62 cm and D ＜ 5.04 mm.

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