甜糯双隐性基因型玉米种质的创制与评价

宫捷; 孙磊磊; 张丽萍; 王青峰; 杨瑞春; 李小琴; 冯发强

doi:10.7671/j.issn.1001-411X.201806010

甜糯双隐性基因型玉米种质的创制与评价

Creation and evaluation for corn germplasm of double recessive sweet-waxy genotype

摘要

摘要:
目的创制甜糯基因双隐性玉米自交系，了解甜糯基因双隐性对品质性状的影响，为甜糯玉米育种提供参考和依据。

方法以1份甜玉米Zea mays ssp. saccharata骨干自交系(M01)和3份糯玉米Z. mays var. ceratina自交系(L33、L35和L38)为材料，用与糯玉米隐性基因wx紧密连锁的分子标记辅助筛选，F₂代得到甜糯双隐性玉米材料，连续自交，F₄代得到11个纯合甜糯双隐性玉米自交系，检测其可溶性糖含量、淀粉含量及乳熟期籽粒果皮厚度，并与对应的甜、糯玉米亲本进行比较分析。

结果与wx基因紧密连锁的引物phi061在甜、糯玉米亲本间扩增出清晰且呈共显性的条带，可在F₂代作为糯质基因的前景选择标记。11份甜糯双隐性自交系材料的可溶性糖质量分数平均为12.27%，比甜玉米亲本高2.55%，远高于糯玉米亲本；淀粉质量分数平均为19.73%，比甜玉米亲本低3.77%，远低于糯玉米亲本；乳熟期籽粒冠部和背胚部果皮厚度均介于对应的杂交亲本之间。

结论通过分子标记辅助选择可快速创制甜糯纯合双隐性玉米材料，其可溶性糖含量高于甜质亲本，淀粉含量低于甜质亲本，果皮厚度介于双亲之间。

Abstract:
Objective To create double recessive sweet-waxy corn inbred lines, identify the effects of double recessive sweet-waxy genes on quality traits, and provide a reference and basis for sweet-waxy corn breeding.

Method The double recessive sweet-waxy corn materials with wxwxsh₂sh₂ genotype were screened by molecular marker that linked with waxy corn recessive gene wx in F₂ populations obtained from one elite sweet corn line (M01) and three waxy corn lines (L33, L35 and L38). Then these materials were self-pollinated continuously, and 11 pure double recessive sweet-waxy corn inbred lines with wxwxsh₂sh₂ genotype were obtained in F₄ populations. Their soluble sugar content, total starch content and pericarp thickness were measured and compared with the corresponding sweet corn parent and waxy corn parent.

Result The primer phi061, which was tightly linked to wx gene, amplified clear and codominant bands between sweet corn parent and waxy corn parent and was selected as the foreground selection marker of waxy gene. The average content of soluble sugar was 12.27% for double recessive sweet-waxy corn inbred lines, which was 2.55% higher than that sweet corn parent and far higher than that waxy corn parent. The average total starch content was 19.73%, which was 3.77% lower than that sweet corn parent, and far lower than that waxy corn parent. The pericarp thicknesses of crown and abgerminal regions of double recessive maize lines were in the interval of their corresponding parents.

Conclusion It is a feasible way to create rapidly the double recessive sweet-waxy corn lines by molecular marker assisted selection. Their average content of soluble sugar is higher than that of sweet corn parent, the average content of starch is lower than that of sweet parent, and the average pericarp thickness is between their parents.

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