Genetic variation and selective effect of growth traits of teak clones
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摘要:目的
掌握柚木Tectona grandis无性系性状遗传变异规律以及无性系与立地的互作效应，选育优良无性系。
方法采用随机完全区组设计，开展柚木无性系区域性两点试验。
结果方差分析结果显示，3.5年生柚木无性系树高、胸径、单株材积在试验地点间、无性系间、无性系×立地互作间均呈极显著差异。海南定安试验点柚木无性系树高的变异系数较小(0.092)，定安试验点胸径的变异系数和云南景谷试验点树高、胸径的变异系数都较大(0.118~0.167)，定安和景谷试验点3.5年生单株材积的变异系数分别达到0.327和0.305。定安试验点柚木无性系树高和胸径的重复力分别为0.873和0.852，景谷试验点柚木无性系树高和胸径的重复力分别为0.851和0.773，定安和景谷试验点3.5年生单株材积的重复力分别为0.863和0.784。
结论为海南定安地区筛选出速生柚木无性系3078-5、7029、7122、7514和7559，入选无性系的平均树高、胸径和单株材积分别比对照提高21.11%、19.82%和60.53%；为云南景谷地区筛选出速生柚木无性系7029、Z408、7509、7559和8301，入选无性系的平均树高、胸径和单株材积分别比对照提高31.69%、33.66%和128.24%；选择后，2个试验点的材积遗传增益分别达到40.26%和34.57%，其中优良无性系7029和7559为两地共有。
Abstract:ObjectiveTo analyze genetic variation in growth traits of Tectona grandis clone and interaction between clone and site, and to select superior teak clones.
MethodRegional field tests of teak clones at two sites were carried out by using randomized complete block design.
ResultAnalysis of variance results showed that tree height, DBH, individual volume of teak at 3.5 years old were all significantly different among site, clones and clone×site interaction. The variation coefficient of tree height for teak clones in Ding’an was relatively small (0.092), and the variation coefficients of DBH in Ding’an and both tree height and DBH in Jinggu were relatively large (0.118−0.167). The variation coefficients of individual volume in Ding’an and Jinggu were 0.327 and 0.305, respectively. The repeatability of tree height and DBH in Ding’an were 0.873 and 0.852, respectively. The repeatability of tree height and DBH in Jinggu were 0.851 and 0.773, respectively. The repeatability of individual volume for teak clones at 3.5 years old in Ding’an and Jinggu were 0.863 and 0.784, respectively.
ConclusionThe selected fast-growing clones for Ding’an area in Hainan were 3078-5, 7029, 7122, 7514 and 7559. The mean tree height, DBH and individual volume for the selected clones were 21.11%, 19.82% and 60.53% higher than that of the control, respectively. The superior clones of fast-growing for Jinggu area in Yunnan were 7029, Z408, 7509, 7559 and 8301. The mean tree height, DBH and individual volume for the selected clones were 31.69%, 33.66% and 128.24% higher compared with control, respectively. The genetic gain of individual volume in Ding’an and Jinggu reached 40.26% and 34.57%, respectively. The clone 7029 and 7559 were the shared superior clones in both sites.
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Keywords:
- Tectona grandis /
- clone /
- regional test /
- genetic variation /
- interaction effect
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表 1 定安和景谷试验点3.5年生柚木无性系生长性状方差分析1)
Table 1 Variance analysis of growth traits of teak clones at 3.5 years old in Ding’an and Jinggu
试验点
Test site生长指标
Growth trait变异来源
Variation source自由度
df平方和
Sum of squares均方
Mean squareF P 变异系数
CV定安
Ding’an树高 Tree height 重复 Repeat 5 71.033 14.206 18.44*** <0.001 0.092 无性系 Clone 24 145.728 6.072 7.88*** <0.001 胸径 DBH 重复 Repeat 5 135.860 27.172 11.41*** <0.001 0.167 无性系 Clone 24 385.347 16.056 6.74*** <0.001 单株材积
Individual volume重复 Repeat 5 1 896.300 379.260 28.22*** <0.001 0.327 无性系 Clone 24 2 336.409 97.350 7.24*** <0.001 景谷
Jinggu树高 Tree height 重复 Repeat 5 46.102 9.220 9.10*** <0.001 0.119 无性系 Clone 22 149.603 6.800 6.71*** <0.001 胸径 DBH 重复 Repeat 5 129.749 25.949 7.46*** <0.001 0.118 无性系 Clone 22 336.581 15.299 4.40*** <0.001 单株材积
Individual volume重复 Repeat 5 2 690.383 538.076 11.68*** <0.001 0.305 无性系 Clone 22 4 681.687 212.803 4.62*** <0.001 1) “***” 表示在 0.001 水平差异极显著
1) “***” indicated significant difference at 0.001 level
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表 2 定安和景谷试验点3.5年生柚木无性系树高、胸径和单株材积立地互作方差分析1)
Table 2 Variance analysis of interaction between tree height, DBH, individual volume and site for teak clones at 3.5 years old in Ding’an and Jinggu
生长指标
Growth trait变异来源
Variation source自由度
df平方和
Sum of squares均方
Mean squareF P 平均值
Mean value树高
Tree height立地 Site 1 94.127 94.127 112.01*** <0.001 4.20 m 重复 Repeat 5 41.649 8.329 9.91*** <0.001 无性系 Clone 21 157.662 7.507 8.93*** <0.001 立地×无性系 Site×Clone 21 61.750 2.940 3.50*** <0.001 胸径 DBH 立地Site 1 484.263 484.263 180.66*** <0.001 5.41 cm 重复 Repeat 5 192.973 38.594 14.40*** <0.001 无性系 Clone 21 325.896 15.518 5.79*** <0.001 立地×无性系 Site×Clone 21 256.101 12.195 4.55*** <0.001 单株材积 Individual volume 立地 Site 1 3 066.217 3 066.217 96.07*** <0.001 7.94 dm3 重复 Repeat 5 2 900.311 580.062 18.17*** <0.001 无性系 Clone 21 4 047.482 192.737 6.04*** <0.001 立地×无性系 Site×Clone 21 3 066.758 146.036 4.58*** <0.001 1) “***” 表示在 0.001 水平差异极显著
1) “***” indicated significant difference at 0.001 level
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表 3 定安试验点柚木无性系年份生长性状表型相关性分析1)
Table 3 Phenotypic correlation analysis of growth traits for teak clones in Ding’an
生长指标
Growth trait生长年限
Growth year树高 Tree height 胸径 DBH 单株材积 Individual volume 1.5 2.5 3.5 1.5 2.5 3.5 1.5 2.5 3.5 树高
Tree height1.5
2.5
0.569** 3.5
0.492** 0.702** 胸径 DBH 1.5
0.829** 0.624** 0.529** 2.5
0.602** 0.807** 0.629** 0.735** 3.5
0.474** 0.685** 0.748** 0.585** 0.759** 单株材积 Individual volume 1.5
0.855** 0.591** 0.510** 0.938** 0.674** 0.547** 2.5
0.582** 0.796** 0.603** 0.735** 0.942** 0.718** 0.714** 3.5
0.509** 0.660** 0.800** 0.621** 0.727** 0.939** 0.613** 0.742** 1) “**” 表示相关性达到 0.01 的显著水平
1) “**” indicated significant correlation at 0.01 level
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表 4 不同柚木无性系3.5年生树高、胸径和单株材积的多重比较1)
Table 4 The multiple comparison of tree height, DBH and individual volume of teak clones at 3.5 years old
无性系
Clone定安试验点 Ding’an 景谷试验点 Jinggu H/m DBH/cm V/dm3 H/m DBH/cm V/dm3 7029 4.87±0.92ab 5.37±1.58ab 11.01±7.56ab 4.60±1.11ab 7.01±2.21a 13.09±9.87a 7559 4.59±1.00bcde 5.09±1.77abc 9.18±5.61bcde 4.41±0.75bcd 7.07±1.27a 11.36±5.14abcd 3078-5 5.07±0.99a 6.05±1.91a 13.59±7.06a 3.94±1.01cdefgh 5.50±1.51defgh 6.86±5.39efgh 7122 4.88±0.60ab 5.32±1.10ab 10.75±6.18abc 3.53±0.91fghij 5.26±1.52efgh 5.75±4.34fgh 7514 4.71±0.84abcd 4.79±1.27bcd 9.97±4.21bcd 4.05±0.89bcdefg 6.33±1.50abcde 8.85±5.52bcdef Z408 3.97±0.82fghi 3.62±1.22def 4.06±2.66ij 4.57±1.17ab 6.86±2.09ab 12.69±10.55ab 7509 4.41±1.13bcdefg 5.96±5.79a 8.26±5.85bcdef 4.09±0.87bcdef 7.00±1.97a 11.40±8.30abcd 8301 4.79±1.07abc 4.18±1.11bcdef 8.00±5.43bcdefg 4.98±0.93a 6.61±1.23abcd 11.25±5.65abcd 70-13 4.35±1.03cdefg 4.38±1.40bcde 6.25±4.50efghi 3.65±1.01efghij 5.38±1.93efgh 6.70±6.71fgh 7112 4.11±0.93efghi 3.95±1.53cdef 6.51±5.78efghi 3.65±1.05efghij 5.64±1.98cdefgh 7.25±7.16defgh 7114 4.43±0.68bcdefg 5.03±1.27abc 9.12±5.04bcde 3.45±1.20ghij 5.34±2.51efgh 7.32±6.75defgh 7138 3.82±0.77hij 4.04±1.65cdef 4.91±4.26ghij 3.27±0.87ij 4.74±1.42h 4.27±3.09h 7146 4.24±1.02defgh 4.78±1.76bcd 8.01±6.75bcdefg 3.80±1.09efghij 6.05±2.12abcdef 8.64±7.35bcdefg 7210 4.19±0.81efgh 3.88±1.25cdef 6.39±3.29efghi 3.86±1.35defghi 5.56±2.29defgh 8.23±8.52cdefgh 7219 3.97±0.61fghi 4.48±1.48 bcde 8.26±6.95bcdef 3.75±0.84efghij 5.95±1.58abcdefg 7.45±5.47defgh 108 4.10±0.98efghi 4.42±1.92bcde 7.52±5.17cdefgh 3.45±1.14ghij 5.35±2.26efgh 7.59±6.33defgh 7412 4.28±0.77defgh 4.68±1.53 bcde 8.63±7.49bcdef 3.38±0.86hij 5.28±1.59efgh 5.48±4.19fgh 7531 3.65±1.11ij 3.53±1.52ef 2.81±2.05j 3.83±0.98defghij 6.25±2.05abcdef 8.84±7.05bcdef 7544 4.36±0.89cdefg 4.20±1.43bcdef 5.71±3.46fghij 4.19±1.47bcde 6.13±2.62abcdef 11.04±11.54abcde 7549 4.18±0.80efgh 4.34±1.17bcde 5.38±3.39fghij 3.75±1.02efghij 6.11±2.23abcdef 8.82±7.84bcdef 7552 4.19±1.14bcde 5.87±1.80bcdefgh 8.39±61.4cdefgh 7555 4.38±0.63cdefg 4.36±0.83bcde J731 3.43±1.05j 3.08±1.12f 4.40±3.09hij 3.23±0.87j 4.86±1.52gh 4.43±3.17gh 7137 4.33±0.82cdefg 4.23±1.57bcdef 8.33±3.83bcdef 7542 3.92±1.08ghi 6.03±6.23a 5.72±3.37fghij 71-5(CK) 3.98±0.66fghi 4.44±1.59 bcde 6.79±4.80defghi 3.44±0.78hij 5.17±1.31fgh 5.24±3.38fgh 均值 Mean 4.28 4.57 7.43 3.87 5.88 8.30 1) 同列数据后的不同小写字母表示差异显著(P<0.05, Duncan’s 法)
1) Different lowercase letters in the same column indicated significant difference (P<0.05, Duncan’s test)
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