NaCl胁迫对4种园林植物养分含量和贮量的影响

邹晓君; 列志旸; 薛立

doi:10.7671/j.issn.1001-411X.2018.06.012

NaCl胁迫对4种园林植物养分含量和贮量的影响

Effects of NaCl stress on element contents and accumulations of four landscape plant species

摘要

摘要:
目的探讨NaCl胁迫对大红花Hibiscus rosa-sinensis、龙船花Ixora chinensis、鹅掌藤Schefflera arboricola和朱蕉Cordyline fruticosa元素含量和贮量的影响，为盐胁迫下的植物养分管理提供科学依据。

方法选取上述4种园林植物为材料,采用模拟盐胁迫环境的方法，设置w为0(对照)、0.3%和0.6% NaCl胁迫水平，分析4种园林植物的Na、Cl、N、P和K含量及贮量。

结果各植物不同器官的Na、Cl、N、P和K质量分数分别为0.30~19.66、0.12~25.79、5.72~23.86、0.92~2.86和6.77~26.67 g·kg^–1。NaCl胁迫使各器官的Na和Cl含量大幅度增加。大红花、龙船花各器官的N含量均随NaCl胁迫浓度增加而显著升高，鹅掌藤和朱蕉各器官的N含量、4种园林植物各器官的P含量及叶片和茎的K含量变化无明显规律，4种园林植物根的K含量均减少。NaCl胁迫增加了4种园林植物各器官的Na贮量(鹅掌藤的根除外)，增加了大红花、龙船花和朱蕉各器官的Cl贮量，NaCl胁迫减少了大红花根以外的植物各器官的N贮量及4种植物的P和K贮量。NaCl胁迫后，Na和Cl贮量的变化幅度比N、P和K大，且主要集中在叶和茎。除朱蕉的根以外，所有植物器官的K⁺/Na⁺含量比均随NaCl胁迫浓度的增加而降低，且除龙船花以外的其他植物叶和根的K⁺/Na⁺含量比下降幅度小于茎，大红花和鹅掌藤的各器官K⁺/Na⁺含量比下降幅度小于龙船花和朱蕉。

结论本研究的4种园林植物中，大红花和鹅掌藤抵御盐害的能力较强。

Abstract:
Objective To investigate the effects of NaCl stress on element contents and accumulations of Hibiscus rosa-sinensis, Ixora chinensis, Schefflera arboricola and Cordyline fruticosa, and provide a scientific basis for nutrient management of plants under NaCl stress.

Method The above four landscape plant species were selected as materials and treated by three NaCl concentrations (0, 0.3% and 0.6%) to analyze the contents and accumulations of Na, Cl, N, P, and K in these plants.

Result The contents of Na, Cl, N, P, and K in different organs of above landscape plants ranged from 0.30 to 19.66, 0.12 to 25.79, 5.72 to 23.86, 0.92 to 2.86 and 6.77 to 26.67 g·kg^–1, respectively. NaCl stress greatly increased Na and Cl contents in different organs of four species. N contents in all organs of H. rosa-sinensis and I. chinensis significantly increased with the increase of NaCl stress concentration. N contents in all organs of S. arboricola and C. fruticosa, P contents in all organs and K contents in leaves and stems of four species varied irregularly. K contents in roots of four species decreased. NaCl stress increased Na accumulations in all organs of four species (except that in roots of S. arboricola), and Cl accumulations in all organs of H. rosa-sinensis, I. chinensisand C. fruticosa, and decreased N accumulations in all organs of four species except that in roots of H. rosa-sinensis, and P and K accumulations of four species. The change ranges of Na and Cl accumulations were greater than those of N, P and K under NaCl stress, and Na and Cl mainly accumulated in leaves and stems. The ratios of K⁺/Na⁺ in all plant organs decreased with the increase of NaCl stress concentration except that in roots of C. fruticosa. The decrease ranges of K⁺/Na⁺ ratio in leaves and roots of H. rosa-sinensis, S. arboricolaand C. fruticosa were less than those in stems, while those in all organs ofH. rosa-sinensisand S. arboricolawere less compared with I. chinensisandC. fruticosa.

Conclusion In these four landscape plants, H. rosa-sinensis and S. arboricola have relatively stronger salt-resistance abilities.

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