Effects of organic loading rate and reflux ratio on two-phase anaerobic digestion of food waste
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摘要:目的
研究产甲烷相的有机负荷与沼液的不同回流比在餐厨垃圾两相厌氧消化过程中对产酸和产气的影响。
方法以餐厨垃圾为原料，采用两相厌氧消化工艺，分别设置了不同的有机负荷与回流比，考察两者对两相厌氧消化产酸和产气的影响。
结果沼液回流可以提高产酸相的pH，促进餐厨垃圾酸化，在产酸相有机负荷(以挥发性固体物含量计，下同)为11.33 g·L–1·d–1时，回流比为10%、30%和50%处理的挥发性脂肪酸(VFA)质量浓度分别为11 598.48、12 998.41和14 967.64 mg·L–1，比空白处理(CK)分别提高了9.06%、22.23%和40.74%；在沼液不回流时，产甲烷相的最适有机负荷为6.38 g·L–1·d–1，当负荷提高至8.50 g·L–1·d–1时，系统出现了酸抑制现象，而回流比为50%时，可以提高系统的缓冲性，维持系统的稳定；回流比50%处理的平均负荷产气量(以挥发性固体物含量计)为486.14 mL·g–1，比CK、回流比10%和30%处理分别提高了29.84%、20.80%和9.13%。
结论餐厨垃圾两相厌氧消化过程中，沼液不回流时，产甲烷相的最适有机负荷为6.38 g·L–1·d–1；继续提高有机负荷，系统会产生酸抑制现象；当沼液回流比为50%时，产甲烷相的最适有机负荷可以提高至8.50 g·L–1·d–1，系统可以保持稳定运行。
Abstract:ObjectiveTo examine the effects of different organic loading rate (OLR) and effluent recirculation rate on acid and gas productions during the two-phase anaerobic digestion of food waste.
MethodThe effects of acid and gas productions of the two-phase anaerobic digestion of food waste were investigated by setting different organic loading rate and reflux ratio.
ResultEffluent recirculation significantly increased the pH of acidogenic reactor and accelerated the acidification of food waste. The concentrations of volatile fatty acid (VFA) in the acidogenic reactors were 11 598.48, 12 998.41 and 14 967.64 mg·L–1, increased by 9.06%, 22.23% and 40.74% compared with CK when the recirculation rate was 10%, 30% and 50% at the 11.33 g·L–1·d–1 of OLR (based on volatile solid content, the same below), respectively. Under the condition of non-recirculation, the optimum OLR of methanogenic reactor was 6.38 g·L–1·d–1, but when it enhanced to 8.50 g·L–1·d–1, the system showed acid suppression phenomenon. The reflux ratio of 50% could help the system buffer and stabilize. The average methane production under the reflux ratio of 50% was 486.14 mL·g–1 (based on volatile solid content), which was 29.84%, 20.80% and 9.13% higher than those under the reflux ratios of 0% (CK), 10% and 30%, respectively.
ConclusionDuring the two-phase anaerobic digestion process of food waste, the optimum OLR of the methanogenic phase is 6.38 g·L–1·d–1 when the biogas slurry is not refluxed, and the system will appear acid inhibition when the OLR continuously increases. The optimum OLR of methanogenic phase could be increased to 8.50 g·L–1·d–1 when biogas reflux ratio is 50%.
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Keywords:
- food waste /
- two-phase anaerobic digestion /
- organic loading rate /
- reflux ratio
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图 2 回流比对产酸相pH的影响
Figure 2. Effect of effluent recirculation on pH in acidogenic reactor
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图 3 回流比对产酸相挥发性脂肪酸(VFA)质量浓度的影响
B图中，柱子上方凡是具有一个相同小写字母者表示处理间差异不显著(P>0.05，Duncan’s法)
Figure 3. Effect of effluent recirculation on mass concentration of volatile fatty acid (VFA) in acidogenic reactor
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图 4 有机负荷和回流对产甲烷相产气量的影响
Figure 4. Effects of organic loading rate and effluent recirculation on biogas production in methanogenic reactor
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图 5 不同处理的产甲烷相负荷产气量的变化
B图中，柱子上方凡是具有一个相同小写字母者表示处理间差异不显著(P>0.05，Duncan’s法)
Figure 5. Effects of different treatments on biogas productions
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图 6 产甲烷相消化液挥发性脂肪酸(VFA)质量浓度的变化
Figure 6. The mass concentration of volatile fatty acid (VFA) in methanogenic reactor
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图 7 产甲烷相消化液氨氮质量浓度的变化
Figure 7. The mass concentration of ammonia nitrogen in methanogenic reactor
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图 8 产甲烷相消化液化学需氧量(COD)的变化
Figure 8. The chemical oxygen demand (COD) in methanogenic reactor
表 1 原料特性
Table 1 Characters of raw materials
原料 pH w1)/% TS VS OM TN P2O5 K2O 餐厨垃圾 6.82 21.31 17.01 83.92 3.23 1.95 0.43 接种液 7.45 2.37 2.07 1)TS(总固体物)及VS(挥发性固体物)的含量以湿基计，OM(有机质)、TN(总氮)、P2O5、K2O含量均以干基计 
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表 2 两相厌氧消化工艺运行参数
Table 2 The operating parameters of two-phase anaerobic digestion process
处理 回流比/% 产甲烷相有机负荷/(g·L–1·d–1) 1~20 d 21~40 d 41~60 d 61~80 d CK 0 2.13 4.25 6.38 8.50 T1 10 2.13 4.25 6.38 8.50 T2 30 2.13 4.25 6.38 8.50 T3 50 2.13 4.25 6.38 8.50
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