Effects of dietary proline supplementation on plasma biochemical parameters and amino acid contents in suckling Huanjiang mini-pigs
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摘要:目的
旨在研究母猪饲粮添加脯氨酸对哺乳环江香猪血浆生化参数和氨基酸含量的影响。
方法选取15头配种后第16天的环江香猪，随机分成3组，每组5个重复(栏)，每个重复1头猪。分别饲喂添加w为0.77% L–丙氨酸(等氮对照组)、w为1.00% L–脯氨酸(脯氨酸组)、w为0.77% L–丙氨酸+w为0.0167%二氟甲基鸟氨酸(DFMO组)的试验饲粮。于产后第7和第14 天，每窝称体质量后随机选取1头哺乳仔猪，测定血浆生化参数和游离氨基酸含量。
结果7日龄时，脯氨酸组和DFMO组血氨浓度显著低于等氮对照组(P<0.05)。14日龄时，脯氨酸组仔猪体质量显著高于等氮对照组和DFMO组(P<0.05)，血氨浓度和胆碱酯酶活性显著高于DFMO组(P<0.05)，而肌酸激酶活性显著低于DFMO组(P<0.05)，血浆葡萄糖和脯氨酸浓度显著高于等氮对照组(P<0.05)；脯氨酸组和DFMO组血浆精氨酸浓度显著高于等氮对照组(P<0.05)；等氮对照组和脯氨酸组血浆天冬酰胺浓度显著低于DFMO组(P<0.05)；DFMO组血浆鸟氨酸浓度显著高于等氮对照组(P<0.05)。
结论母猪饲粮添加脯氨酸可通过影响哺乳仔猪葡萄糖和氨基酸代谢而促进其生长发育。
Abstract:ObjectiveTo investigate the effects of dietary proline supplementation on plasma biochemical parameters and amino acid in suckling Huanjiang mini-pigs.
MethodFifteen female Huanjiang mini-pigs after 15 days of service were randomly divided into three groups, and reared in five pens (replicates) with one pig per pen. The pigs were fed with experimental diet supplementing 0.77% L-alanine (isonitrogenous control group), 1.00% L-proline (proline group), or 0.77% L-alanine+0.0167% 2-difluoromethylornithine (DFMO group). One piglet per litter was randomly selected on the 7th and 14th days respectively after weighing. The plasma biochemical parameters and free amino acid contents were analyzed.
ResultThe concentrations of plasma ammonia in proline and DFMO groups at the age of 7 days were significantly lower than that in the isonitrogenous control group (P<0.05). At the age of 14 days, the proline group had significantly higher piglet body weight compared with the isonitrogenous control and DFMO groups (P<0.05), significantly higher plasma ammonia concentration and choline esterase (CHE) activity compared with the DFMO group (P<0.05), significantly lower creatine kinase (CK) activity compared with the DFMO group (P<0.05), and significantly higher concentrations of glucose and proline compared with the isonitrogenous control group (P<0.05).Arginine concentrations in proline and DFMO groups were significantly higher than that in the isonitrogenous control group (P<0.05). Asparagine concentrations in isonitrogenous control and proline groups were significantly lower than that in the DFMO group (P<0.05). Ornithine concentration in DFMO group was significantly higher than that in the isonitrogenous control group (P<0.05).
ConclusionDietary proline supplementation could improve the growth and development of suckling piglets by affecting the metabolism profiles glucose and amino acids.
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Keywords:
- suckling Huanjiang mini-pig /
- proline /
- amino acid /
- plasma biochemical parameter
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表 1 基础饲粮组成及营养水平(风干基础)1)
Table 1 Composition and nutrient levels of basal diet (air-dry basis)
w/% 饲粮的原料组成 饲粮的营养成分 玉米 豆粕 米糠 预混料2) 粗蛋白质 钙 总磷 赖氨酸 精氨酸 脯氨酸 54.0 12.0 30.0 4.0 12.04 0.78 0.62 0.53 0.65 0.67 1)饲粮总能量为16.02 MJ·kg–1，营养成分均为实测值；2)预混料为每千克饲粮提供：维生素A 301 000 IU，维生素D 52 800 IU，维生素E 742 IU，维生素K3 71 mg，维生素B1 30 mg，维生素B2 177 mg，维生素B6 32 mg，维生素B12 0.8 mg，烟酸 1 073 mg，泛酸 540 mg，叶酸 22 mg，生物素 3.0 mg，胆碱 8.0 g，Fe 2.0 g，Cu 1.0 g，Zn 3.5 g，Mn 1.3 g，I 14 mg，Co 35 mg，Se 8.3 mg，Ca 200 mg，P 20 mg 
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表 2 不同日龄哺乳环江香猪的生长性能1)
Table 2 The growth performance of suckling Huanjiang mini-pig at different day-age
处理 产仔数 初生体质量/g 7 日龄体质量/g 14 日龄体质量/g 等氮对照组 7.0±0.7 458.8±19.1 1 044.0±97.7 1 613.8±185.3b 脯氨酸组 6.4±0.7 514.6±51.0 1 169.3±139.0 2 357.4±86.4a DFMO组 8.2±0.3 410.6±24.5 1 180.0±87.1 1 500.2±64.1b 1)同列数据后凡是有一个相同小写字母或未标记字母者，表示差异不显著(n=5，P>0.05，Duncan’s 法)
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表 3 不同日龄哺乳环江香猪的血浆生化参数1)
Table 3 Plasma biochemical parameters of suckling Huanjiang mini-pig at different day-age
日龄 处理 胆碱酯酶/
(U·dL–1)肌酸激酶/
(U·dL–1)总蛋白/
(g·L–1)白蛋白/
(g·L–1)血氨/
(μmol·L–1)尿素氮/
(mmol·L–1)葡萄糖/
(mmol·L–1)7 等氮对照组 6.11±0.53 19.51±5.49 60.90±1.75 27.40±0.91 118.05±20.05a 7.02±1.33 8.24±1.18 脯氨酸组 5.78±0.65 21.06±2.75 64.45±4.58 30.00±1.68 67.85±5.55b 8.02±1.40 6.40±0.65 DFMO组 5.61±0.48 15.08±2.03 54.83±5.13 28.90±1.78 75.45±8.90b 9.75±1.26 9.35±1.52 14 等氮对照组 5.71±0.32ab 17.19±3.53ab 63.63±3.01 32.40±1.05 85.70±21.18ab 7.94±2.07 7.18±0.23b 脯氨酸组 6.29±0.36a 11.29±1.79b 59.36±1.71 32.64±0.57 117.00±16.74a 6.79±0.57 9.02±0.58a DFMO组 5.25±0.25b 22.41±4.07a 60.00±2.21 32.75±1.04 52.88±14.29b 7.08±1.47 8.21±0.15ab 1)同列数据后凡是有一个相同小写字母或未标记字母者，表示差异不显著(n=5，P>0.05，Duncan’s 法)
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表 4 不同日龄哺乳环江香猪血浆精氨酸家族氨基酸的浓度1)
Table 4 The concentrations of arginine-family amino acids in plasma of suckling Huanjiang mini-pig at different day-age
c/(μmol·mL–1) 日龄 处理 天冬氨酸 天冬酰胺 谷氨酸 谷氨酰胺 精氨酸 脯氨酸 鸟氨酸 瓜氨酸 7 等氮对照组 0.027±0.004 0.096±0.028 0.214±0.101 0.887±0.431 0.099±0.032 0.737±0.262 0.083±0.035 0.064±0.024 脯氨酸组 0.028±0.005 0.060±0.018 0.219±0.041 0.607±0.386 0.101±0.011 0.718±0.167 0.080±0.012 0.076±0.021 DFMO组 0.020±0.002 0.095±0.017 0.215±0.019 0.626±0.384 0.091±0.026 0.845±0.313 0.084±0.016 0.132±0.030 14 等氮对照组 0.022±0.009 0.037±0.001b 0.196±0.086 0.450±0.217 0.060±0.015b 0.896±0.136b 0.047±0.013b 0.051±0.015 脯氨酸组 0.021±0.003 0.042±0.006b 0.215±0.028 0.309±0.027 0.110±0.021a 1.285±0.142a 0.083±0.013ab 0.098±0.032 DFMO组 0.022±0.007 0.062±0.014a 0.254±0.072 0.407±0.077 0.110±0.012a 1.074±0.198ab 0.106±0.024a 0.102±0.027 1)同列数据后凡是有一个相同小写字母或未标记字母者，表示差异不显著(n=5，P>0.05，Duncan’s 法)
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