Morphology and parasitic behavior of Tamarixia radiata at different development stages
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摘要:目的
研究柑橘木虱Diaphorina citri优势寄生蜂亮腹釉小蜂Tamarixia radiata的个体发育形态学及寄生行为，为柑橘黄龙病的生物防控提供理论和技术指导。
方法在温度为(26±1) ℃、相对湿度为60%~80%的试验条件下，观察亮腹釉小蜂寄生行为及个体发育形态，并测量形态学指标。
结果亮腹釉小蜂寄生柑橘木虱3~5龄若虫产卵；亮腹釉小蜂整个发育历程分为卵、幼虫、蛹、成虫4个阶段；室内条件下其世代发育历期约为13.40 d；雌虫个体明显大于雄虫；雄虫触角刚毛发达，几乎覆盖整个触角基节，而雌虫触角刚毛很短，触角基节清晰可见；雌虫腹部背面黄色区域明显大于雄虫。
结论亮腹釉小蜂为柑橘木虱体外寄生蜂，雌、雄成虫形态有显著差异。
Abstract:ObjectiveTo study the ontogenetic morphology and parasitic behavior of Tamarixia radiata, the predominant parasitoid of Diaphorina citri, and provide theoretical and technical information for sustainable management of Huanglongbing.
MethodThe parasitic behavior and ontogenetic morphology of T. radiata were observed under laboratory conditions of (26±1) ℃ and 60% to 80% relative humility and natural lighting. Morphologic indexes of T. radiata were measured.
ResultThe adult T. radiata females lay eggs on 3rd to 5th instar nymphs of D. citri. The life cycle of T. radiata includes the egg, larva, pupa and adult stages. The developmental duration is about 13.40 d under laboratory condition. The females are distinctly larger than males in body size. The setae of male antennas are well developed and almost cover all the antenna segments, while the setae of female antennas are short and the antenna segments are clearly visible. The yellow area on the dorsal surface of female abdomen is obviously larger than that of male.
ConclusionT. radiata is an ecto-parasitoid of D. citri. There are significant morphological differences between T. radiata female and male adults.
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Keywords:
- Diaphorina citri /
- Tamarixia radiata /
- parasitic behavior /
- developmental morphology /
- biocontrol
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图 1 亮腹釉小蜂生活史
A：卵；B：1龄幼虫；C：2龄幼虫；D：3龄幼虫；E：4龄幼虫；F：预蛹；G：蛹；H：成虫。
Figure 1. The life history of Tamarixia radiata
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图 2 亮腹釉小蜂雌、雄成虫标本
A：雌蜂背向；B：雄峰背向；C：雌蜂侧向；D：雄峰侧向。
Figure 2. Specimens of Tamarixia radiata female and male adults
表 1 亮腹釉小蜂成虫形态1)
Table 1 The morphology of Tamarixia radiata adult
μm 成虫 体长 体宽 头长 头宽 雌虫 1 092.35±9.92a 383.71±7.51a 167.04±1.73a 392.29±7.46a 雄虫 971.24±31.14b 328.82±13.36b 141.10±6.84b 351.19±10.16b 1)表中数据为平均值±标准误，同列数据后凡具有一个相同字母者，表示差异不显著 (P>0.05，t 检验)。 
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